摘要
选用 4个小麦品种 (系 )分别代表大、小粒品种 ,研究了去除顶端两个小穗对植株光合速率、14 C同化物分配和穗部性状的影响。去除顶端两个小穗后 ,小粒品种 (鲁麦 14、山农 4 8— 2 )于灌浆中、后期的光合速率提高 ,大粒品种 (鲁 2 15953、核生 2号 )则表现为降低 ;灌浆初期 14 CO2 的标记测定结果显示 ,分配到穗部的 14 C同化物因去除顶端两小穗而有所增加 ,但从占整个麦穗 14 C同化物总量的比例来看 ,分配到中、下部特别是下部小穗的比例显著增加。结果表现为成熟期不孕小穗减少 ,整穗结实率和千粒重同步提高 ,穗粒重补偿性增长。这表明 ,在同化物供应充足的前提下 ,运用栽培技术措施或生长调节物质增加籽粒形成和灌浆初期同化物向下部小穗的分配 ,可有效地提高穗粒重。
Four cultivars representing large and small kernel size cultivars were used in this study. The effects of removal of the top two spikelets on photosynthetic rate, distribution of 14 C assimilate and ear traits were investigated. When the top two spikelets were removed, the photosynthetic rate of the small kernel cultivars (Lumai 14 and Shannong 48—2)at the middle and late phase of grain filling increased, while that of the large kernel cultivars (Lu 215953 and Hesheng 2) decreased. Test of the 14 C assimilate labelled at the beginning of the grain filling stage revealed that removal of the top two spikelets could cause a slight increase over the control, but the pattern of distribution of the assimilate to different parts of the ear altered significantly. Thus, The middle, especially the basal spikelets received much more assimilate than the control. All these lead to a reduction of the number of sterile spikelets, and increase of seed setting, 1000 kernel weight and kernel weight per ear. It was suggested therefore that by means of enchancing translocation of photoassimilate into the middle, especially the basal spikelets during the early period of kernel development, kernel weight per ear could be increased efficiently.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第2期190-194,共5页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
山东省自然科学基金资助项目
关键词
小麦
光合物质
分配
穗粒重
Wheat
Photoassimilate
Distribution
Kernel weight per
