摘要
上海崇明西沙是典型的河口区域湿地,北邻明珠湖,南邻东风西沙,东部区域光滩面可与东风西沙光滩面连成一片。土壤系潮土,土壤表层质地多轻壤、中壤,土壤条件较好,气候条件较优越,适于动植物栖息与生长,但植被类型单一,生长状况不良,植被景观效果不理想。野生动物资源因人类活动的影响而相对匮乏,不能形成稳定、丰富度高和密度较大的生物群落,也不能满足生态系统的生物多样性要求。上海崇明西沙湿地的生态恢复与建设,将会在很大的程度上改善其周边地区的生态环境,构筑更为完善的生态系统,形成多样性的生态景观。其丰富的湿地植物资源能为野生动物创造生存、活动的多样化立地环境,提升区域生物多样性,同时湿地植物在生长季节巨大蒸腾量也能对区域气候起到显著的调节作用。上海崇明西沙湿地景观生态恢复应以科学合理的规划方法为生态恢复与建设提供理论依据,并结合国内外湿地景观建设、保护与合理利用的经验,提高区域的生物多样性和景观异质性,维持区域生态环境的平衡和稳定,继承并发扬湿地的特色生态文化,展示现代生态文明,以生态价值观和环境伦理为主要内容,引导人们树立自觉维护自然环境和资源可持续利用的意识和行为。
The Xisha Wetland in Chongming,Shanghai,is typical of estuary wetland in the Shanghai region,affected by thee northern subtropical monsoon climate and situated to the south of the Mingzhu lake and the north of Dongfeng,Xisha.The south of the Pearl Lake is connected with the eastern part of the Xisha wetland in Chongming.The terrain of the Xisha wetland is flat and scattered with lots of ponds,and the surface soil contains light loam,medium loam and sand.In a word,both soil and climate there are suitable for the habitat and growth of wild animals and plants.But the landscape effect is far from ideal due to the single pattern of vegetation.Human activities have caused wildlife resources there to be so scarce that a stable,rich and dense bio-community can not be formed there and the biodiversity of the ecosystems can not meet the basic requirements.Therefore,the aim of the ecological restoration and construction of the Xisha wetland in Chongming,Shanghai,should be improve the surrounding environment to a large extent,build a more completed ecosystem and form a multifarious eco-landscape.The rich wetland resources can provide a good habitat where wild lives live and reproduce and thus the regional biodiversity can be enhanced.Meanwhile,the regional climate can be readjusted by tremendous transpiration of wetland plants in growing seasons.It is thought that by making a scientific and rational planning and taking appropriate measures to restore the damaged ecology there and construct the Chongxi Wetland the biodiversity and landscape heterogeneity there will be surely realized,the balance and stability of the regional environment maintained,the culture inherited and developed,the modern ecological civilization exhibited,the awareness of environmental value and ethics strengthened and the public guided to protect the natural wetland environment and the natural resources used in a sustainable way.
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2011年第6期734-738,共5页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
风景园林
湿地景观
生态建设
崇明西沙湿地
上海崇明岛
landscape architecture
wetland landscape
ecological construction
the Xisha wetland of Chongming
the Chongming island in Shanghai
