摘要
为评价两种季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂对水生态的安全性,运用评价化学品对水生生物毒性的标准试验方法,测定了十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵（1227）和双八、十烷基季铵盐（C8-10）两种季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂对3种水生生物（斜生栅藻、大型溞和斑马鱼）的毒性。结果表明,在0.05~0.5 mg.L-1的浓度范围内,1227、C8-10对斜生栅藻的毒性表现出明显的剂量-效应关系,随处理浓度的增大抑制效应增强,0.5 mg.L-1C8-10对斜生栅藻具有杀灭作用;同时1227、C8-10与斜生栅藻还存在时间-效应关系,处理后抑制率随时间呈先升高后下降的趋势,72 h时抑制率最高。1227和C8-10对斜生栅藻96 h的EC50分别为0.109、0.103 mg.L-1,对大型溞的48 h LC50分别为1.56×10-2、1.45×10-2mg.L-1,对斑马鱼的96 h LC50分别为2.36、2.19 mg.L-1。C8-10对3种水生生物的毒性均高于1227,两种季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂对大型溞和斑马鱼的致死率（LC50）均随作用时间延长逐渐减小。
Quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants are one of the most widely used surfactants in the world and Scenedesmus oblique,Daphnia magna and Brachydonio rerio stand as three prime examples of aquatic-ecosystem.In order to evaluate the safety of two quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants on aquatic organisms,S.oblique,D.magna and B.rerio were exposed to assess the toxic effects of 1227 and C8-10,according to the commendatory standard test method named Experimental Guideline for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticide.The results indicated that both 1227 and C8-10 with S.oblique showed obviously dose-response relationship at the concentration from 0.05 mg·L-1 to 0.5 mg·L-1.The inhibition rate increased significantly with the increase of concentration and 0.5 mg·L-1 of C8-10 could kill the S.oblique cells.Meanwhile,there was a significant time-response relationship between the inhibition and the exposure time.The inhibition rate increased at first,then decreased and the highest inhibition rate happened at 72 h.The 96 h-EC50 values of 1227 and C8-10 to S.oblique were 0.109 mg·L-1 and 0.103 mg·L-1,respectively.The 48 h-LC50 values of 1227 and C8-10 to D.magna were 1.56×10-2 mg·L-1 and 1.45×10-2 mg·L-1,respectively.The 96 h-LC50 values of 1227 and C8-10 to B.rerio were 2.36 mg·L-1 and 2.19 mg·L-1,respectively.All of the toxicity of C8-10 were higher than 1227.LC50 values of D.magna and B.rerio decreased gradually with the exposure time increasing.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第4期673-678,共6页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助(200903033)
关键词
季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂
斜生栅藻
大型溞
斑马鱼
毒性
quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant
Scenedesmus oblique
Daphnia magna
Brachydonio rerio
toxicity
