摘要
以江西瑞昌石灰岩红壤区采取多树种混交、竹阔混交和林苗一体化3种模式退耕还林6年后的林地为研究对象,分析退耕还林对土壤动物群落及其数量变化的影响.退耕还林地土壤动物隶属于6门17纲34目,优势类群为线虫纲,占总类群数的86.7%;常见类群为蜱螨目、线蚓科以及弹尾目.对照农耕地土壤动物隶属于5门10纲21目,优势类群为线虫纲,占总密度的86.7%;常见类群为蜱螨目和线蚓科.退耕还林地土壤稀有类群数(30类)明显大于农耕地(18类).除冬季外退耕还林地土壤动物类群数和平均密度显著高于农耕地.土壤动物的垂直分布具有明显的表聚性,表层(0～5cm)土壤动物数量与5～10、10～15cm土层存在极显著差异,且退耕还林地表聚性较农耕地更明显.退耕还林地土壤动物类群数均为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季,且夏、秋季与春、冬季差异显著;平均密度为秋季>夏季>春季>冬季,季节间差异显著.退耕还林地土壤动物生物多样性指数显著高于农耕地,3种退耕还林模式中,多树种混交模式的生物多样性最高,林苗一体化模式最低.
This paper studied the variations of the community composition and individuals＇ number of soil fauna in limestone red soil region of Ruichang,Jiangxi Province after six years of converting cultivated lands into forestlands.Three converted forestlands,including the lands of mixed multiple-species forest,bamboo-broadleaved forest,and tree-seedling integration,were selected as test objects,with cultivated lands as the comparison.A total of 34 orders,17 classes,and 6 phyla of soil fauna were observed in the converted forestlands.The dominant group was Nematoda,accounting for 86.7% of the total,whereas Acarina,Enchytraeidae,and Collembola were the common groups.In the cultivated lands,soil fauna had 21 orders,10 classes,and 5 phyla.The dominant group was also Nematoda,accounting 86.7% of the total,and Acarina and Enchytraeidae were the common groups.In the converted forestlands,the group number of rare species was greater than that in the cultivated lands（30 vs.18）,and,except in winter,the group number and average density were significantly higher than those in the cultivated lands（P〈0.05）.The vertical distribution of soil fauna in the soil profiles showed an obvious surface accumulation,which was more apparent in converted forestlands than in cultivated lands,and the individuals＇ number had significant differences between the surface（0-5 cm） layer and the 5-10 cm and 10-15 cm layers（P〈0.01） for both the converted forestlands and the cultivated lands.The group number of soil fauna in the converted forestlands had a seasonal variation ranked in the order of summer autumn spring winter,and there was a significant difference between summer-autumn and spring-winter.The average density of the soil fauna also had a seasonal variation but ranked as autumn summer spring winter,and the differences among the seasons were significant（P〈0.05）.The biodiversity index of soil fauna was significantly higher in converted forestlands than in cultivated lands,and was the highest in mixed multiple-species forestland and the least in tree-seedling integration land.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第4期910-916,共7页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家林业局退耕还林科技支撑项目资助
关键词
石灰岩红壤区
退耕还林
土壤动物
群落组成
生物多样性
limestone red soil region
converting cultivated land into forestland
soil fauna
community composition
biodiversity.
