摘要
目的探讨PHP动作对载人离心机致加速度性肺不张的防护作用。方法试验采用的模拟空战曲线(SACM)包括2个各45 s的+4.5 Gz和2个分别为15 s和45 s的+5.0 Gz的平台,基线为+3.0 Gz(各30 s)。7名志愿者呼吸浓度为100%的O2,在3种条件下进行SACM离心机暴露:A组,O2系统安全余压打开;B组,O2系统安全余压关闭;C组,O2系统安全余压关闭且采用PHP动作。结果 SACM暴露后,A组肺活量(VC)下降0.27 L,用力肺活量(FVC)和用力呼气量(FEV)均无显著变化,主观症状评分较低(2.5±2.6),胸部X线成像改变不明显。B组VC和FVC分别下降0.69 L(P<0.01)和0.29 L(P<0.05),咳嗽、胸痛、吸气困难等主观症状明显,其评分(8.1±2.2)显著高于有安全余压时(P<0.05),出现肺不张的典型影像学表现。C组VC和FVC无明显下降,无明显主观症状,主观感觉评分很低(0.8±0.9),与不采用PHP动作时的差异非常显著(P<0.01),肺不张的影像学征象比不采用PHP动作时明显减轻。结论采用PHP动作能够有效防止加速度性肺不张的发生。
Objective To explore the protective effects of PHP maneuver against centrifuge-induced acceleration atelectasis.Methods Seven subjects were exposed to centrifuge simulated aerial combat maneuvers（SACM） profile composed of two respective ＋4.5 Gz for 45 s and ＋5.0 Gz for 15 s and 45 s superimposed on ＋ 3 Gz baselines.Using 100% oxygen,experiment was carried out under 3 conditions： group A,with safety overpressure of 30 mm H 2 O to the mask;group B,without safety overpressure;group C,without safety overpressure,but with PHP maneuver.Chest X-ray,vital capacity（VC）,forced vital capacity（FVC）,forced expiratory volume（FEV）,and subjective ratings of chest pain,coughing,and shortness of breath were measured.Results Group A experienced an average of 0.27 L（P 0.05） reduction in post-SACM VC,and the subjective ratings were low（2.5 ± 2.6）.An average of 0.69 L（P 0.05） and 0.29 L（P 0.01） reduction in post-SACM VC and FVC were found in group B,and chest pain,coughing,and shortness of breath were reported by all subjects.The subjective ratings（8.1 ± 2.2） were higher than those of group A（P 0.05）.Six subjects had radiological changes typical of acceleration atelectasis.In group C,there was no significant reduction in post-SACM VC and FVC,and the subjective ratings（0.8 ± 0.9） were lower than those of group B（P 0.01）.There were still some radiological appearances of atelectasis in the same 6 subjects,but the severity was reduced obviously.Conclusion PHP maneuver can provide a satisfactory protection against centrifuge-induced acceleration atelectasis.
出处
《航天医学与医学工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第2期79-85,共7页
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
关键词
肺不张
加速度
抗荷正压呼吸
离心机
atelectasis
acceleration
pressure breathing for G
centrifuge
