摘要
为明确吉贝幼林施肥配比及施肥量,采用单因素及N,P,K三因素L9(34)正交设计法,研究了施肥对2a生吉贝造林成活率及生长促进的影响。结果表明:(1)施基肥导致吉贝造林平均成活率下降6.92%以上,尿素200g/株处理与CK0差异显著;(2)施用复合肥400g/株、尿素300g/株处理树高、地茎增量与CK1差异显著,100g/株N+100g/株P+50g/株K、200g/株N+100g/株P+150g/株K组合树高、地茎、冠幅与CK1差异极显著,分枝数与CK1差异显著,除300g/株N+200g/株P+150g/株K组合增效指数小于尿素300g/株处理外,其余组合增效指数大于复合肥400g/株、尿素300g/株处理;(3)极差R比较认为,P肥对树高生长显著,N肥对地茎和冠幅生长较好,而分枝数第1年施K肥较P肥、N肥好,第2年施P肥较K肥、N肥好;(4)N,P,K组合较单因素肥效显著,肥效指数大小可作为吉贝幼林施肥生长快慢的衡量指标。可见,干热河谷吉贝造林以不施基肥为宜,尤其不能施尿素,幼林追肥经济效益显著,1～2a生林可采用100g/株N+100g/株P+100g/株K或200g/株N+100g/株P+150g/株K肥料组合以及复合肥400g/株、尿素300g/株单施。
To understand the impact of fertilization with different types of the amounts of fertilizers on survival rate and growth of two-year old stand of Ceiba pentandra,the single-factor and the N,P,K three factors L9（34） orthogonal design method were used.The results showed that：（1） it caused the average of plantation survival rate fell by 6.92% or more with fertilizers,there were a significant difference between treatment of urea with 200 g per plant and control;（2） the treatments of strain with 400 g per plant or urea with 300 g per plant were significant different from control in height increment and diameter increment,but the groups with 100 g per plant N＋100 g per plant P＋50 g per plant K and 200 g per plant N＋100 g per plant P＋150 g per plant K had extremely significant difference relative to the control in height,diameter,and crown.It＇s significant difference in branches increment between treatments and control.The remaining groups were higher than treatment of strain with 400 g per plant and urea with 300 g per plant except that 300 g per plant N＋200 g per plant P＋150 g per plant K combination was less than treatment of urea with 300 g per plant in fertilizer factor;（3） it has significance on tree growth by P fertilizer through range contrast,but with better growth on diameter and crown by N fertilizer.It was better increment in branches by K fertilizer than P fertilizer and N fertilizer in 1-year old trees,but P fertilizer has the better effect than K,N fertilizer in 2-year trees;（4） effect of the combination of N,P,K fertilizers was significantly higher than single-factor,fertilizer factor can be used to measure fertilization on the growth speed of stand of Ceiba pentandra.As a result,it is better for Ceiba pentandra forest culture with no-fertilizers,especially not fertilizer urea.It has significant economic benefits with topdressing in young Ceiba pentandra plantation,which can be used the combinations of 100 g per plant N＋100 g per plant P＋100 g per plant K or 200 g per plant N＋100 g per plant P＋150 g per plant K,and can be used with 400 g per plant strain or 300 g per plant urea in 1~2 years old forest.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第2期95-100,共6页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
林业公益性行业科研专项(2011104034)
林业科学技术推广项目([2011]35号)资助
云南省高校科技创新团队建设项目
关键词
吉贝
幼林生长
肥料配比
施肥效应
Ceiba pentandra
growth of young plantation
fertilizer rate
effect of fertilization
