摘要
【目的】探讨孤独症患儿父母压力和情绪变化及其相关因素。【方法】采用父母压力指数量表(PSI)、孤独症行为量表(ABC)、孤独症评定量表(CARS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)对孤独症患儿父母进行评定;采用PSI、SDS和SAS量表对正常儿童父母进行评定。【结果】1)孤独症患儿父母PSI总分及各分量表分均显著高于正常儿童父母(P=0.000);2)患儿父、母亲SDS和SAS分均显著高于正常儿童父母(P=0.000)。患儿母亲SDS和SAS分均高于患儿父亲得分(P=0.000),患儿母亲抑郁发生率高于父亲(P=0.000);3)患儿父母的压力与患儿症状严重度正相关(P<0.01);4)多元回归结果表明孤独症患儿ABC量表分、孤独症患儿母亲的焦虑以及患儿年龄影响孤独症儿童父母压力,解释了总变异的54.9%。【结论】孤独症患儿父母承受着较高的压力、焦虑和抑郁水平,孤独症患儿母亲比患儿父亲及正常儿童父母更易发生抑郁,患儿行为问题是父母压力的主要影响因素。
【Objectives】 To examine the parenting stress and mental health status and related factors associated with parenting stress in parents of children with autism. 【Methods】 Participants in this study were 196 parents of autistic children diagnosed with DSM-IV and 144 parents of normal children.The parents in two groups finished Parenting Stress Index（PSI）,Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS） and Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）.Parents of autistic children also completed Autism Behavior Checklist（ABC） and the Children Autism Rating Scale（CARS）. 【Results】 1）Parents of autistic children reported substantially higher scores of stress in the child domain,parent domain and total PSI than that of parents with normal children（P=0.000）;2）Fathers and mothers of children with autism had higher SDS and SAS scores than those of parents of normal children（P=0.000）.Mothers of children with autism reported higher scores in both SDS and SAS than those of the fathers（P=0.000）;3）Elevated depression scores were more common in mothers of children with autism than those of fathers with autistic children and parents of normal children.There was no difference in elevated depression and anxiety scores between fathers of autistic children and parents of normal children;4）Parenting stress was positively correlated with severity of symptom of autistic children,children＇s behavior problems,SDS and SAS scores of parents of autistic children;5）Regression analysis indicated that ABC score,anxious level of mothers and age of autistic children were the related factors of parenting stress,accounting for 54.9% of the total variatio. 【Conclusions】 Parents with autistic children experienced higher level of stress,depression and anxiety than that of parents with normal children.Mothers of autistic children were more vulnerable to suffer from depression than fathers and parents of normal children.Behavior problems of autistic children was the major predictor of parenting stress.
出处
《中国儿童保健杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第4期297-301,共5页
Chinese Journal of Child Health Care
基金
国家973项目(2010CB529602)
国家973项目(2010CB529601)
上海市基础研究重点项目(09JC1402400)
关键词
孤独症儿童
父母压力
情绪障碍
autistic children
parenting stress
mental health
