摘要
晚白垩世天台盆地产有丰富的恐龙蛋化石和恐龙骨骼,目前发现17处化石点,分布于街头镇、平桥镇、白鹤镇、坦头镇、屯桥乡以及县城—国清寺—下朱村一带,面积约为230km^2。特别在城关北侧三角区内,面积仅有15km^2,却是天台县化石点集中区域。这些恐龙蛋化石为原地埋藏,产于上白垩统两头塘组和赤城山组。本文初步描述7种类型恐龙蛋化石:天台长形蛋(新种)Elongatoolithus tiantaiensis sp.nov.、国清寺树枝蛋(新种)Dendroolithus guoqingsiensis sp.nov.、张氏巨型长形蛋(新种)Macroelongatoolithus zhangi sp.nov.、张头槽圆形蛋(新种)Spheroolithus zhangtoucaoensis sp.nov.、石嘴湾副圆形蛋(相似种)Paraspheroolithus cf.shizuiwanensis、树枝树枝蛋(相似种)Dendroolithus cf.dendriticus、椭圆形蛋(未定种)Ovaloolithus sp.。
Fossil eggs and dinosaur bones are widely distributed in the Late Cretaceous Tiantai basin. Up to now, 17 fossil localities have been found in Tiantai County , covering a total area of about 230 km2. But in the triangular zone, only about 15 km2, there lie the most abundant fossils of Tiantai. The fossils were discovered apparently in-situ mainly in the Chichengshan and Liangtoutang Formations, and 7 types of fossil eggs are described in this paper.Macroelongatoolithus zhangi sp. nov. (P1.I -1-5)Etymology: Named after Professor Zhang Yun, the late Paleontologist in Beijing University.Holotype; Slice No. Zhe-4-2, p1. 1-2,3Diagnosis; The egg is elongate, with the long diameter of 24 cm, the equatorial diameter of 15 cm. The eggshell is thick, about 2 mm. There are densely arrayed vermicular ornaments in the dark gray egg surface. The prismatic and mammillary layers are distinct. The mammillae are wide-rounded, densely-arranged, with radiated lines in basal spheroliteis. The mammillary layer is about 2/5 of the eggshell thickness. The growth line , regularly distributed in the mammalil-lary layer , is curve in each mammilla, which is replaced by waveliked growth lines in prismatic layer. The pore canals are well-developed in mammillary layer with wedge-shaped interval, and become slim and scattered in prismatic layer.Locality and Horizon: Shuangtang quarry, Tiantai County, Zhejiang; lower part of the Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Fm.Elongotoolithus tiantaiensis sp. nov. (P1. I -6-8)Etymology; Tiantai, the name of the county where the fossil was discovered.Holotype: Slice No. Zhe-7-4, p1. 1-7,8Diagnosis; The egg is long shuttle-shaped, about 11cm in length, with breadth from 2 to 5 cm. The egg surface is slightly rough, and the thin eggshell is 0. 8 mm thick. The prisms are tightly arranged, and the mammillae are obtuse and the basal spheroliteis big. The mammillary layer is about half of the eggshell thickness. A narrow straight brown stripe zone passes through the mammillary layer area above the basal spherilite. The developed pore canals are slim, and could reach to the egg surface.Locality and Horizon: Qiaoxia, Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province; lower part of Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Fm. Dendrodithus cf. dendriticus Fang et al. 1998(P1. I -18-20) 1998 Dendroolithus dendriticus Fang et al. ,pl. 18, fig. 8-10Dendroolithus guoqingsiensis sp nov.(P1. I -21, 22 )Etymology: Named after the fossil locality, Guoqingsi Temple. Holotype: Slice No. Zhe-9-3, P1. I - 21, 22Diagnosis: The egg is oval in shape, with the long diameter of 15 cm, the equatorial diameter of 13 cm and the height of 9 cm. The eggshell, rough in the surface, is 1. 3 mm thick. The mammillae are narrow and obtuse, about 1/3 of the prism in thickness. The prisms, cone-shaped , with vacuous center which forms various kinds of canals, are loosely arranged, merging together near the eggshell surface. The growth lines in prisms are waveliked, penetrated by slim pore canals.Locality and Horizon: Guoqingsi Temple, Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province. Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Fm.Ovaloolithus sp. (P1. I -12-14 ) Paraspheroolithus cf. shizuiwanensis Fang et al. 1998(P1. I - 9 - 11) 1998 Paraspheroolithus shizuiwanensis Fang et al. ,p1. 17, fig. 5Spheroolithus zhangtoucaoensis sp nov.(P1. I -15-17 )Etymology: Named after fossil locality, Zhangtoucao village. Holotype: Slice No. Zhe-6-1; P1. I-16, 17Diagnosis: The egg is flat round. The diameter is 9 cm and the height is 4 cm. The egg surface is rough with indistinct tubercular ornament, and the eggshell is 1 mm thick. The prisms are densely arranged and the mammillae, with basal spheroliteis and radiated lines, are wide and obtuse. The wedge space between the mammillae is connected to the pore canal. The mammillary layer is about 1/4 of the eggshell thickness, covered by yellow strip zone. The prismatic layer is plank-shaped, with brown strip zones that are composed of alternate wide and narrow strips. The growth line is waveliked near the egg surface.Locality and Horizon: Zhangtoucao village, Tiantai County, Zhej
出处
《地质论评》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第1期105-112,T001,共9页
Geological Review
关键词
蛋化石
晚白垩世
赤城山组
两头塘组
生物地层
fossil eggs
Late Cretaceous
Chichengshan Formation
Liangtoutang Forma-tion
Tiantai of Zhejiang
