摘要
新中国60年来的教育历程大体是一个改革的过程。其间诸多重大教育改革,均为基于政治—经济需要和逻辑推论而操持的教育改革。建国初年,伴随着新民主主义教育政策的颁布,思想改造运动政治化地整饬了教师的角色;"52调整"既是经济重工业化的迫切需要,也是政治整齐化的重大举措;"85决定"则直接造就了此后20年转移政治—经济义务的"义务教育",并与重点学校制度一道使教育公平问题积重难返。1992改元市场经济以降,教育改革,尤其高等教育改革惟经济主义马首是瞻,走上"扩招""、升级"、"并校"的产业化和大跃进之路。作为政治—经济改革的教育改革,要么沦为政治的工具,要么用于经济的筹码,抑或受二者钳夹,效果堪忧。有必要改革教育改革,走向作为社会—文化的教育改革,并保有文化视野。
The education of new China during the past sixty years is approximately characterized as a history of various reforms,of which most of them could be identified as reforms based on political-economic needs.In the founding period,with the release of the new-democratic educational policies,the ideological reform movement rectified teacher＇s role in a political way.The department adjustment in 1952 occurred to meet urgent demands of developing heavy industry,and also acted as an important measure for political homogenization.The resolution in 1985 spurred the particular ＂compulsory education＂ that shirked the compulsory political-economic duties directly,which made education injustice difficult to reverse along with the key school system.Since the rise of the market economy in 1992,educational reform,especially in higher education field,has subordinated itself to economic reform and taken to the road of great leap forward,expanding frantically,upgrading irrationally and mergering improperly.Educational reform,as a subspecies of political-economic reform,was used by either political rules or economic indicators,even both of them,which made it hard to function well.It is necessary to transform educational reform into a social-cultural sort,bringing it back to the category of social reform and retaining the views of culture.
出处
《晓庄学院教育科学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第2期15-20,共6页
Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University
基金
江苏高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"社会学视野下的中国教育改革研究"
关键词
教育改革
政治—经济改革
社会—文化改革
教育社会学
educational reform
political-economic reform
social-cultural reform
sociology of education
