摘要
氚光源是利用放射性核素氚制成的自发光装置,其使用寿命长、光强稳定、无需电源,是黑暗条件下小视野照明的优良光源,在军事和民用领域具有良好的应用前景。传统的玻璃管型氚灯是应用广泛的氚光源。由于氚气体对β射线的能量自吸收、荧光粉蔽光性和玻璃管有破裂可能等缺点,限制了氚灯性能的进一步提高。本文介绍了氚发光装置的发光机理、发展历史、安全评价以及国内外应用现状;讨论了传统玻璃管型氚灯亮度的影响因素,分析了目前氚灯存在的问题,介绍了国内外氚光源研究改进工作,并展望了国内氚光源研究与应用前景。
Due to their long lifespan and stable intensity,light sources initiated by tritium instead of electricity or batteries are suitable for low level lighting applications.Therefore,tritium-based radioluminescent（RL） light sources are widely used in both military and civil applications.However,traditional tritium lights with the gas tube structure have several shortcomings：（1） the phosphors are opaque;（2） the glass tube is fragile and easily broken;and（3） the beta kinetic energy is attenuated due to the sorption by the gas;etc.As a result,further application of the tritium lights is limited.In this paper,the lighting mechanism and radiation safety of tritium-based RL light sources are briefly reviewed.Besides,the history and prospects of the development of tritium-based RL light source are discussed.Due to their long lifespan and stable intensity,light sources initiated by tritium instead of electricity or batteries are suitable for low level lighting applications.Therefore,tritium-based radioluminescent（RL） light sources are widely used in both military and civil applications.However,traditional tritium lights with the gas tube structure have several shortcomings：（1） the phosphors are opaque;（2） the glass tube is fragile and easily broken;and（3） the beta kinetic energy is attenuated due to the sorption by the gas;etc.As a result,further application of the tritium lights is limited.In this paper,the lighting mechanism and radiation safety of tritium-based RL light sources are briefly reviewed.Besides,the history and prospects of the development of tritium-based RL light source are discussed.
出处
《同位素》
CAS
2012年第1期1-7,共7页
Journal of Isotopes
基金
中国工程物理研究院科技发展基金(2010A0301011)
关键词
氚
氚灯
氚发光粉
tritium
tritium lamp
radioluminescent paints powered by tritium
