摘要
目的了解我国6个省（市、自治区）5类城市职业人群生活方式和自测健康状况，探索城市职业人群健康影响因素。方法于2009年5-8月，采用多阶段分层抽样方法，在北京、辽宁、浙江、湖北、宁夏和青海抽取13492名18-60岁的公务员、科技人员、企事业管理人员、教师、体力劳动者5类城市职业人员，进行《中国城市职业人群生活方式调查》和《自测健康评定量表》问卷调查，采用多元线性回归分析生活方式对生理健康子量表得分的影响。结果《中国城市职业人群生活方式调查》共收到有效问卷13073份，有效回收率为96．9％；《自测健康评定量表》共收到有效问卷13177份，有效回收率为97．7％。46．9％（6136／13073）调查对象每天按时吃饭，50．9％（6658／13073）的调查对象坚持每天吃早餐，27．8％（3635／13073）的调查对象日均工作时间大于8h；31．0％（4057／13073）的调查对象从不进行锻炼，14．6％（1906／13073）的调查对象业余时间静坐大于4h，39．3％（5137／13073）的调查对象饮酒，24．8％（3230／13073）的调查对象现在吸烟。调查对象《自测健康评定量表》总分为（73．34±11．86）分。公务员总量表得分最高[（74．83±11．89）分]，教师得分最低[（71．65±11．44）分]（P〈0．05）。多元线性回归显示，女性（b=-0．945，b′=-0．041）、年龄大（b=-0．098，b′=-0．087）、教师（b=-2．151，b′=-0．074）、离异者（b=-1．607，b′=-0．021）、丧偶者（b=-2．926，b′=-0．019）、吸烟者（b=-1．198，b′=-0．045）生理健康状况较差；文化程度高（6=0．588，b′：0．037）、按时吃饭（6：2．301，b=′0．141）、每天吃早饭（b=1．503，b=′0．096）、注意营养搭配（b=0．499，b′=0．021）、注意锻炼者（b=1．820，b′0．058）生理健康状况较好（P值均〈0．05）。结论职业人群不按时吃饭、工作时间长、运动不足、静坐时间长、吸烟、喝酒等不良生活方式普遍存在，自测生理健康状况与性别、年龄、文化程度、职业。
Objective To know about the status of self-rated health and life style among 5 kinds of occupational populations in 6 provinces in China and to explore the influencing factors related with health of the occupational population. Methods From May to August 2009, a total of 13 492 persons aged 18 -60 years including civil servants, scientific and technical personnel, administrative staff, teachers and physical workers were selected by multi-stage stratified sampling from Beijing city, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Hubei and Qinghai provinces to undergo surveys on the Lifestyle of Occupational Population in Urban in China and Self-rated Health Measurement Scale Version 1. 0 （ SRHMS V1. 0 ）. The effects of lifestyles on health scores were analyzed by logistic linear regression. Results Overall, 13 073 valid questionnaires of the Lifestyle of Occupational Population in Urban in China and 13 177 valid questionnaires of SRHMS V1. 0 were collected. The valid rate was 96.9% and 97.7% respectively. Among the respondents,46. 9% （6136/13 073） ate timely in a day,50. 9% （6658/13 073） ate breakfast every day, 27.8% （3635/13 073） worked over 8 hours per day,31.0% （4057/13 073 ） didn＇t do any exercises,14. 6% （ 1906/13 073 ） sat for over 4 hours in spare time,39. 3 % （5137/13 073 ） were drinking and 24. 8% （3230/13 073 ） were current smokers. The average score of SRHMS of all respondents was 73.34 ± 11.86, of which the civil servant had the highest score （ 74. 83 -＋ 11.89 ） while the teacher had the lowest score （71.65 ± 11.44, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The results of multiple linear regression showed that females （b = -0. 945, b′= - 0. 041 ） , the elderly （ b = - 0. 098, b′ = - 0. 087 ） , teachers （ b=- - 2. 151, b′= - 0. 074 ） , the divorced （b= -1.607,b′= -0.021）,the widowed（b= -2.926,b′= -0.019）,and smokers（b= -1.198,b′= -0. 045 ） were with worse condition. Respondents with higher education （ b = O. 588, b′= 0. 037 ） , eating timely （b = 2. 301, b′= 0. 141 ）, eating breakfast every day （b = 1. 503, b′ = 0. 096 ） , paying more attention on diet （b = 0.499, b′= 0.021 ） and doing more exercises （b = 1. 820, b′= 0.058 ） had better condition. Conclusion Eating irregularly, working long hours, lack of exercise, sitting for long hours, smoking and drinking were common among occuptational population. The self-rated physical health status was associated with gender, age, education level, occupation, diet and exercise.
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期214-219,共6页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划（2008AA02Z403）
关键词
职业
人群
生活方式
自测健康
Occupational
Population
Life style
Self-rated health
