摘要
[目的]研究上海市区大气中挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)的组成和来源,为指示和早期预警区域生态失衡、资源负荷超载和环境污染加剧等现象提供依据。[方法]采用预浓缩-气相色谱质谱联用(GC-MS)方法分析上海市徐汇区大气中VOCs的组成。[结果]徐汇区大气中共检测出102种VOCs组分。VOCs平均体积分数为46.39×10-9,其主要的组成特征:50.2%为烷烃、6.8%为烯烃、22.8%为芳香烃、7.5%为炔烃、其它(包括醇、醛、酮、酯和醚等)为12.7%。在检出物中有79种是有毒有害物质,主要成分是苯系物、卤代芳烃、烷烃。其中,甲苯是含量最高的组分。[结论]徐汇区的VOCs源主要受运行态交通工具的影响,VOCs的污染程度以冬季最为严重,秋季最轻。
[Objective] To study composition and source of atmospheric volatile organic compounds（VOCs） in downtown area of Shanghai,and to provide early warning and indication of regional ecological unbalance,resource overloading and environmental pollution aggravation.[Methods] Preconcentration and gas chromatography-mass selective detector（GC-MS） were used to analyze atmospheric VOCs in Xuhui District of Shanghai.[Results] A total of 102 VOCs components were detected.The average volume fraction of VOCs was 46.39×10-9,and the common components were alkanes（50.2%）,olefins（6.8%）,aromatic hydrocarbons（22.8%）,alkynes（7.5%）,and others（12.7%,including alcohol,aldehyde,ketone,ester and ether）.Among the identified compositions,79 were poisonous and harmful.The common hazardous components were benzene hydrocarbon,halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon and alkane,of which toluene was of highest concentration.[Conclusion] The VOCs in Xuhui District is mainly contributed by traffic vehicles.VOCs pollution is most serious in winter vis-à-vis least serious in autumn.
出处
《环境与职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第3期154-156,160,共4页
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine
关键词
预浓缩
气相色谱质谱联用方法
挥发性有机物
组成
pre-concentration
gas chromatography-mass selective detector
volatile organic compounds
composition
