摘要
目的通过观察不同的保存温度、保存时间对母乳pH值、渗透压、白细胞(WBC)、分泌型IgA(sIgA)、维生素C(VitC)及细菌生长的影响,探讨合适的母乳保存条件。方法采集30例新鲜母乳,每例等分为5份,在0 h(室温)、48 h(4℃)、72 h(4℃)、30 d(-20℃)、90 d(-70℃)检测母乳的pH值、渗透压、sIgA、WBC、VitC及细菌菌落数。结果不同条件保存母乳的pH值、渗透压、sIgA、WBC、VitC及细菌菌落数,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。其中,4℃保存母乳48 h和72 h时,pH值、WBC、Vit C下降明显,而渗透压在72 h(4℃)下降明显,与0 h(室温)母乳的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01);30 d(-20℃)、90 d(-70℃)保存母乳的pH值、sIgA、WBC、Vit C也有明显下降,与0 h(室温)母乳的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。4℃保存母乳48 h和72 h时,细菌总菌落数无明显变化,但72 h时,G+菌落数下降,G-菌落数增加,与0 h(室温)母乳的差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01);30 d(-20℃)和90 d(-70℃)保存母乳的总菌落数、G+菌落数、G-菌落数与0 h(室温)比较均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论保存母乳时其pH值、渗透压、WBC、VitC均下降。因4℃保存时G-菌落有增加的趋势,提示母乳4℃保存不宜超过48 h,长时间保存需要选择-20℃或-70℃。
Objective To explore the optimal storage condition of human milk,and to explore the influence of different storage temperature and duration on pH,osmolality,white blood cell counts（WBC）,sIgA,vitamin C and bacteria colony counts of human breast-milk.Methods Fresh milk samples（n = 30）were divided and stored at 4℃ for 48 and 72 hours,-20℃ for 30 days,-70℃ for 90 days.At each time point,pH,osmolality,WBC,sIgA,vitamin C were measured and the remaining samples were analyzed for bacteria colony counts.Results Compared with fresh milk,all the indicators had significant difference in stored breast-milk under any condition（P 0.01）.Under 4℃ refrigeration condition,pH,WBC and vitamin C decreased dramatically over 48 h and 72 h storage,and osmolality declined over 72 h storage（P 0.01）.Under-20℃ freezing condition,pH,WBC,sIgA,vitamin C decreased remarkably over 30 d storage（P 0.01）.Under-70℃ freezing condition,pH,WBC,sIgA,vitamin C also decreased remarkably over 90 d storage（P 0.01）.Under 4℃ refrigeration condition,there was no change for bacteria colony counts over 48 h or 72 h storage.Under 4℃ refrigeration condition,Gram-positive colony counts decreased and Gram-negative colony counts increased over 72 h storage（P 0.01）.Under-20℃ freezing condition,bacteria colony counts,Gram-positive colony counts and Gram-negative colony counts decreased over 30 d storage.Under-70℃ freezing condition,bacteria colony counts,Gram-positive colony counts and Gram-negative colony counts decreased over 90 d storage（P 0.01）.Conclusions pH,osmolality,vitamin C and WBC decline obviously during storage.Because Gram-negative bacteria colony counts increase during storage,human milk refrigerated at 4℃ should be fed best before 48 h.-20℃ or-70℃ freezing condition should be chosen,if long-time storage is required.
出处
《临床儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期212-215,共4页
Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
基金
上海市卫生局资助项目(No.2010265)
关键词
母乳喂养
母乳成分
母乳库
breastfeeding
milk components
milk bank
