摘要
目的探讨颅脑枪弹伤后颅内异物的特征性超声表现，评价超声技术对探测颅内异物的价值。方法①总结颅内异物特征性超声表现：超声探测预置入伤犬颅内伤道附近的不同种类的已知异物，总结颅内已知异物特征性超声表现。②超声探测颅内异物的评价实验：实验者根据已总结的颅内异物特征性超声表现，在未知异物信息情况下独立完成超声异物探测，最后取出异物进行对比，评价超声技术对颅脑火器伤后颅内异物判断的诊断符合率。结果超声可明显区别颅内异物与脑实质，且颅内不同异物具有特征性超声表现。超声探测颅内异物的评价实验发现，异物的规格和材质对超声定性判断有一定影响。颅脑内异物的定性判断准确率为71．52％，直径〉0．5cm异物的定性诊断符合率明显高于直径〈0．5cm的异物（P〈0．01）；不同材质异物的定性诊断符合率大小顺序为：弹头97％〉钢珠81．13％、骨片78％、玻璃72％〉纱布54．67％、木块54．67％。结论颅内不同异物具有特征性超声表现，超声能对颅脑内异物准确定位，对直径〉0．5cm的异物定性诊断符合率高。超声技术可能对于实时指导颅内异物清除和提高颅脑火器伤救治水平有重要意义。
Objective To explore the specific ultrasonic manifestation features of intracranial foreign bodies after firearm injury, and to evaluate the value of ultrasonography in detecting intracranial foreign bodies. Methods ： The specific ultrasonic manifestation features of intracranial foreign bodies were summarized by making ultrasonic scanning over known foreign bodies of different types inserted before hand in around the injury tracts. （1）With the summary, ultrasonic scanning was made to the foreign bodies with unknown size and types, the result was confirmed with the fetched-out foreign bodies, and the coincidence of ultrasonography in scanning the intracranial foreign bodies after firearm injury was evaluated. Results Ultrasonography could distinguish intracranial foi＇eign bodies from brain parenchyma, intraeranial foreign bodies of different types had different ultrasonic manifestation features. The size and the materials of the foreign bodies had certain affection on the result of ultrasonic scanning. The accuracy of qualitative judgement in scanning the intracranial foreign bodies was 71.52% ,and the accuracy in scanning the foreign bodies with diameter 〉 0.5 cm was higher than that with the diameter 〈 0.5 cm. The coincidence in qualitative judgement of the foreign bodies of different materials ranged as follows：bullet （97% ）〉 steel ball （81.13%）,bone pieces （78%） and glasses （72%） 〉gauze （54.67%） and wood pieces （54.67%）. Conclusions The intracranial foreign bodies of different materials have specific ultrasonic manifestation features and ultrasonography can scan out their locations. The coincidence of qualitative judgement in scanning the bodies with diameter over 0.5 cm is high. Ultrasonography may be of important significance in guiding the fetch-out of intracranial foreign bodies on the spot and in raising the rescuing level of firearm injury.
出处
《中华超声影像学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期244-248,共5页
Chinese Journal of Ultrasonography
基金
基金项目：全军医药卫生科研基金（06MA146）
关键词
超声检查
异物
颅脑损伤
创伤
枪击
Ultrasonography
Foreign bodies
Craniocerebral trauma
Wounds , gunshot
