摘要
针对单矢量水听器,将旋转不变技术(estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques,ESPRIT)等参数估计算法用于直方图统计,并提出了基于单矢量水听器的多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法,推导出波束形成的功率谱公式和半功率波束宽度公式以及不同声压振速组合情形下定向性能的理论下界,同时也对其他波达方向(direc-tion of arrival,DOA)估计方法进行了总结。理论分析和实验结果表明:ESPRIT等用于直方图统计后能够获取更为全面准确的目标信息;MUSIC算法可获得比最小方差无畸变响应(minimum variance distortionless response,MVDR)更高的分辨率,而且同样满足实时处理要求;MVDR的半功率波束宽度与信噪比大致呈现反比例关系,而常规波束形成(conventional beam-forming,CBF)的半功率波束宽度收敛于131.06°,两者都只与信噪比有关;声能流法等适用于较高信噪比情形,而波束形成和子空间方法的定向精度在较低信噪比情形下仍能接近理论下界,尤其是波束形成具有良好的宽容性;功率谱估计的3种算法具有相同的估计误差边界;各定向算法的时间花销都较小,均可应用于实时系统。
Aiming at single vector hydrophone,the parameter estimation methods,such as estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques（ESPRIT） and etc.,are used for histogram statistics;and multiple signal classification（MUSIC） algorithm based on single vector hydrophone is presented.Meanwhile,the power spectrum formula,half-power beamwidth（HPBW） formula for beam-forming and the Craomér-Rao bound（CRB） of directional performance for various combinations of pressure and particle velocity are introduced.Theoretical analysis and experiment results show that the histogram statistics using ESPRIT can obtain more comprehensive information;MUSIC can achieve better resolution than minimum variance distortionless response（MVDR） and also can be realized in real time;the HPBW of MVDR decreases as the SNR increases,while the HPBW of conventional beam-forming（CBF） has a limitation of 131.06°,and both of them are only related to SNR;acoustic energy flux method and etc.are suitable for the cases of high SNR,while the directional accuracy of beam-forming and subspace methods can still approach to the theoretic lower bound even under low SNR condition;the estimation errors for the three power spectrum estimation algorithms are equal;and all of the algorithms can be applied to real time system as the time cost is low.
出处
《仪器仪表学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期499-507,共9页
Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(10904160)
中国科学院知识创新工程国防科技创新重大项目课题资助项目
关键词
矢量水听器
波达方向
参数估计
功率谱估计
vector hydrophone
direction of arrival（DOA）
parameter estimation
power spectrum estimation
