摘要
40年来,我国的牧草育种工作取得了一定的成绩。到目前为止,从事牧草育种研究的科研机构和院校约25个,保存野生牧草种质资源2800份,引进国外牧草3100份;建立国家级牧草种质资源长期库1座,中期库1座;新建牧草育种基地41处,草种繁殖基地面积达1000万亩;建立牧草育种检验中心10个;经全国牧草品种审定委员会审定的引进草种14个,驯化种7个,地方品种9个,人工选育品种19个;利用良种建立人工草地2500万亩,占人工草地总面积的19％。我国牧草育种方面存在的主要问题,是选育品种少,品种不配套;品种单产低,质量差;良种繁育体系不健全,种子缺乏;专业育种机构和人员少,经费不足,设备差。为加强和改善牧草育种工作,应建立牧草育种中心,建立国家级品种试验委员会,选择适合我国国情的牧草育种途径,因地制宜地制定育种目标,以及健全良种繁殖体系等。
In this paper, the author narrated achievement in founding breeding structure, collecting forage resourses, introduction and domestication fine foragevariety, arranging local fine variety, artificial seed seletion and breeding, analysised the problem of low in per unit area yield, inferior in quality, few in selecting breed, few person being engaged in breeding, insu fficientfunds and having no perfect fine variety system, all of these affect foragebreeding and grassland construction deeply, gave advices last: 1.Establishing forage breeding centres,founding national variety experimental committees; 2.Selecting suitable forage breeding ways; 3.Formulating suitable breeding goals; 4.Perfecting fine variety reproducing system.
出处
《中国草地》
CSCD
1990年第1期1-5,共5页
Grassland of China
