摘要
本研究采用短片人为诱发心境的方法,用正性和负性两种情绪事件作为刺激材料,在控制人格变量的前提下,探讨了大学生在不同心境下对未来事件发生概率的判断中是否存在心境一致性效应。结果表明:(1)愉悦心境会增加做出积极判断的倾向,悲伤心境会增加做出消极判断的倾向;(2)无论是在愉悦心境还是在悲伤心境中,被试在对未来事件发生概率的判断上不存在性别差异。结果支持心境对未来事件发生概率判断有所影响,即诱发的心境与未来事件的效价存在一致性效应。
This research adopted the short film technique to evoke related mood and used positive and negative emotional events as the judgment task. Under the premise of the personality being controlled, it explored whether or not mood-congruent effects existed in the probability judgment of college students when dealing with future events in different mood conditions. The between-subject design was applied in this study, in which the mood （pleasure or sadness） and gender （male or female） were taken as independent variables, while the probability judgment of subjects when dealing with emotional events in the future was taken as the dependent variable. Three procedures were carried out in this experiment：In the first stage, 200 college students were required to finish the personality test and mood measurement, and 44 subjects up to the requirements were chosen and divided into two groups coessentially. In the second stage, these two groups of subjects were brought into a different mood one week later by watching different emotional movie clips, so that the pleasure mood group and the sad mood group were formed. After watching the movie clips, the subjects were asked to make a self-evaluation about their emotion （fill out PANAS）. In the third stage, the subjects made probability judgments of future events. Before the event phrases were presented, there was a ＂＋＂ on the screen, which meant that judgment would occur immediately for attracting the subject’s attention. After the ＂＋＂ had been shown for 800ms, an event phrase would be shown for 5000ms, during which the subjects would do the probability judgment by pressing a related keyboard to answer the question that ＂the probability of this event will happen to yourself in one year＂. （＂1＂ means it was likely to happen, while ＂2＂ means it was unlikely to happen）. The experiment would go on to the next trail immediately after judgment; or the experiment would go on to next trail without judgment after the stipulated time. Each subject should make judgments on 32 event phrases. The experimental task, formulated with Eprime-2.0, was shown on the computer, and the experimental results were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. The results showed： （1） The probability judgment of positive future events made by the pleasure mood group was higher than that made by the sad mood group, which showed a significant difference （p.05）. （2） The probability judgment of negative future events made by the pleasure mood group was lower than that made by the sad mood group, which showed a significant difference （p.05）. （3） There was no significant difference in the probability judgment of future events in the gender aspect no matter which mood the subject was in （p.05）. The results of this research supported the original supposition that mood would influence the probability judgment of future events, that is to say, pleasure mood would increase the tendency of making positive judgments and sad mood would increase the tendency of making negative judgments. The conclusion was that there was a congruent effect between the mood evoked and the judgment of future events further enriched the hypothesis of mood-congruent effects.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期100-104,共5页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
上海市重点学科"发展与教育心理学"建设项目(S30401)
教育部人文社科研究项目"青少年情绪弹性的理论与实证研究"(09YJCXLX010)的资助
关键词
心境
心境一致性效应
概率
判断
情绪事件
mood mood-congruent effects probability judgment emotional events
