摘要
推式供应链追求的是效率,其缺点是当市场需求预测不准确时产品的滞销大。拉式供应链追求的是对客户的快速响应、减少在制品库存,其缺点是响应需求的成本较高、难以形成规模经济。多数产业的供应链是由"推式"与"拉式"两部分组成的混合型供应链,其追求的是效率与响应的平衡,即确定订单渗透点的合理位置。订单渗透点的位置受市场因素、产品因素、生产因素的影响。导致订单渗透点位置向前或向后移的主要驱动因素分别是提高定制化水平、减少在制品库存、减少送货时间和提高生产效率。最后,用一个家具企业的案例说明订单渗透点的位置是如何移动的,并由此导致供应链绩效的提高。
The push-type supply chain focuses on efficiency,but may result in excess product inventory when the demand forecasting is not accurate.The pull-type supply chain highlights responsiveness and reduction of work-in-process inventory.This type of supply chain may result in high responsiveness cost and diseconomies of scale.The supply chain in most industries is hybrid,and composed of push and pull strategy.The hybrid supply chain aims at the trade-off between efficiency and responsiveness,i.e.,positioning of order penetration point.Market,product and production factors are identified that affect the order penetration point positioning,and the shifting of the order penetration point upstream or downstream in the supply chain is to reduce the delivery lead time to customers,and increase the manufacturing efficiency or to increase a higher degree of customization,and reduce work-in-process inventory respectively.Finally,a case related to a furniture enterprise is introduced to explain how the order penetration point can shift,and consequently the supply chain performance is improved.
出处
《技术经济与管理研究》
2012年第2期55-59,共5页
Journal of Technical Economics & Management
基金
北京市教委项目(SM201010009002)
北方工业大学博士启动基金资助
关键词
供应链管理
订单渗透点
混合型供应链
Supply chain management
Order penetration point
Hybrid supply chain
