摘要
根据“生态系”的整体观念,为充分发挥苹果园天敌的自控作用,对当前辽宁苹果区病虫害的防治,乃以生态选择的方法来减少有机合成杀虫剂的使用次数,即把桃小食心虫的树上多次喷药改为地面防治为主;加强监测其在不同品种上卵果率的差异和叶螨类种群数量的动态,按化防指标挑治:对苹小卷蛾掌握在第一代卵发生期散发赤眼蜂等为中心的综合防治技术体系。经在400亩面积上连续三年试验结果表明,综防园比对照园病虫果损失率减少77.2％,产量增加11.4％,一、二等果品率提高53％,防治费用下降22.6％。同时,辽宁省植物保护站组织苹果生产的重点市、县推广应用面积111.836万亩,增加纯收益达1.13亿元。若“七五”期间继续推广600万亩,将为社会创益6.6亿元,经济效益十分显著。
Based on a series of investigations,experiments,and demonstra-tions on the integrated control of apple pest carried out in JinxianCounty,Liaoning Province since 1983,an integrated control techniquesystem of apple pest for Liaoning apple growing area was proposed,which was emphasized on following measures: 1. To change the crown multi-spraying into ground surface treat-ment against apple fruit borer Carposina nipponensis Walsingham; 2. To strengthen the monitor work on egg-fruit rate of inter-mediate (and late) varieties and the population of spider mites forselective chemical control; 3. To release Trichogramma egg parasite for controlling apple leafroller Adoxophyes orana Fischer von Roslerstamm in egg stage of firstgeneration;etc. The results of IPC orchards,in compare with commercial orchards,executed on 400 mu acreage in three years showed that:the pestdamage was 77.2% decreased,the fruit production was 11.4% increased,the 1st and 2nd class fruit were 53% raised,and the cost of controlwas 22.6% reduced.Meanwhile,this IPC system was implemented onan acreage more than one million mu extended by the Plant ProtectionStation of Liaoning Province,the benifit was considerable.
出处
《植物保护学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第1期59-66,共8页
Journal of Plant Protection
关键词
苹果树
病虫害
综合防治
integrated pest control——ecosystem——apple fruit borer——red spider mites——apple tree canker
