摘要
目的:通过老年人口腔种植病例的疗效观察,探索老年口腔种植的可行性及规避风险的方法。方法:筛选2003-2005年在中国核工业北京401医院接受种植手术的92例76-82岁的老年病例,其中患脑梗塞8人,帕金森症3人,糖尿病29人,冠心病25人,骨质疏松症9人。手术方法为不翻瓣法,尽量不采用骨增量手术,尽量减少种植数量。但多数实施骨挤压,骨高度不足者采用短种植体。共植入181颗ITI种植体,植入术后4-6个月均成功地进行覆盖义齿(活动组)和固定义齿(固定组)修复。按成功标准进行分析,总结其5年成功率。观察两组种植体脱落和发生种植体周围炎的情况。结果:5年后181颗种植体中11颗脱落,固定组4颗,活动组7颗(P>0.05),种植体留存率为93.93%。发生种植体周围炎的情况:固定组2颗,活动组45颗(P<0.01)。结论:选择合适的时机和方法,如不翻瓣技术等,在没有种植绝对禁忌症的情况下,老年人种植修复可以获得较高的成功率。从而改善老年人的生活质量。但是种植体上部修复为覆盖义齿的病例应特别注意定期检查,清洁义齿和种植基桩,以防止种植体周围炎的发生。
Objective： To explore the feasibility of implant for elderly patients and the ways to avoid the risks of implanttreatment.Methods： Ninety-two elderly patients（aged 76-82 years） operated in Peking 401 hospital of China nuclearindustry from 2003 to 2005 were selected,including 8 infarctions,3 parkinsonismus,29 diabetes,25 coronary diseases and9 osteoporosis.They were operated with a flapless approach and with no bone augments as well as abatement of the numberof implants.The majority had been performed bone nobbing.The short implants were placed in bone areas with lower level.One hundred and eighty-one ITI implants were utilized.The overdentures fitted in non-fixing group and implant supportedfixed prostheses fitted in fixing group were done successfully after 4-6 months.A 5-year survival rate was summarizedaccording to the standard of success.The conditions of implant falling and peri-implantitis in both groups were compared.Results： Eleven implants failed in survivals at different periods with 4 in fixing group and 7 in non-fixing group（P0.05）.Five-year survival rate was 93.93%.Two implants with Peri-implantitis were in fixing group and 45 implants withPeri-implantitis were in non-fixing group（P0.01）.Conclusions： Utterly excluding the contraindications,the survival rateof implant for elderly patients would be satisfactory when the occasion and methods of surgery could be selectedappropriately,such as flapless approach,etc.The implant could advance the quality of life for elderly patients.But in orderto avoid Peri-implantitis,the patients with implant-supported overdentures should be achieved regular inspection,andoverdentures and implant abutment should be cleaned.
出处
《中华老年口腔医学杂志》
2011年第4期239-242,共4页
Chinese Journal of Geriatric Dentistry
关键词
老年人
种植
存留率
不翻瓣法
aged
implant
survival rate
flapless approach
