摘要
Ecosystem services related to water supply are now a hot topic in ecology and hydrology. Here, water supply service in the Lancang River basin was evaluated using the newly developed model InVEST. We found the mean annual water supply in Lancang River basin is approximately 7.24E＋10 m3 y-1 with 23.87% from main stream and 76.13% from the tributaries. There is an increasing trend downstream. Grasslands and forests contribute 71.66% of the total water. A comparison of water supply capacity per unit area for ecosystems of different composition indicates that there is a decreasing trend from broad- leafed forest, mixed coniferous and broad-leafed forest, bamboo forest, coniferous forest, shrub forest and grassland. Two-thirds of the total water is provided by an area covering 40% of the total basin area. This study provides guidelines for the efficient management of water resources in the Lancang River basin.
生态系统的水源涵养功能一直以来都是生态学和水文学研究的热点和难点问题。本文基于新开发的InVEST模型对澜沧江流域的水源涵养功能进行了研究,得出以下结果:(1)澜沧江流域年均供水7.24E+10 m3 y-1,其中干流贡献率为23.87%,而支流贡献率为76.13%,从上游至下游呈明显递增趋势。(2)草地生态系统和森林生态系统的水源涵养量贡献率共计达71.66%;对不同组成结构生态系统类型的水源涵养能力进行比较,阔叶林>针阔混交林>竹林>针叶林>灌木林>草地。(3)澜沧江流域三分之二的水由占总面积40%的热点区域提供。研究为澜沧江流域水资源的有效管理提供一定依据。
基金
Supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2008FY110300)
