摘要
通过田间试验,研究了膜下滴灌条件下不同灌溉水盐度和灌水量对棉田土壤水、盐和硝态氮分布与淋洗的影响。结果表明:随着灌溉水盐度增加,0～1m土壤盐度和含水量显著增加;提高灌水量可显著增加土壤含水量,促进表层盐分的淋洗,导致下层土壤盐分增加,但0～1m土壤平均盐度增加不明显。随着灌溉水盐度和灌水量的增加,0～1m土壤盐分淋洗量显著增加。低灌水量下,中等盐度灌溉水处理土壤水分和硝态氮的渗漏淋洗量与淡水灌溉处理差异不大;但高灌水量下,中等盐度和高盐度处理土壤水分和硝态氮的渗漏淋洗量均显著高于淡水灌溉处理。因此,应用咸水滴灌时灌溉水盐度和灌溉量均不宜过大。适宜的灌溉水盐度和灌水量有利于控制土壤盐分积累,减少水分和硝态氮的渗漏淋洗损失。
The effect of irrigation water salinity and irrigation amount on leaching and distributions of water,salt,and nitrate in soil were evaluated with a field experiment under drip irrigation conditions in 2009.Results show that soil salinity and water content in 1-m depth were increased significantly with the increase in irrigation water salinity.When irrigation amount was increased,salt leaching were promoted from the top soil to deep soil,but the average salinity in 1-m soil were not increased significantly.Salt leaching from 1 m soil was increased significantly with irrigation water salinity and irrigation amount increased.Under low irrigation amount,there were no significant differences between moderately saline water and fresh water treatments for water and nitrate leaching;but the leaching of water and nitrate in moderately and saline water treatments were significantly higher than those in fresh water treatment under high irrigation amount conditions.Therefore,irrigation water salinity level and irrigation amount should not excessive when saline water is used for drip irrigation.The optional irrigation water salinity level and irrigation amount are benefit to control salt accumulation and to minimize water and nitrate leaching loss.
出处
《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2011年第6期661-669,共9页
Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)
基金
国家973计划项目(2009CB825101)
国家大学生创新性实验计划项目(101075929)
关键词
咸水
滴灌
盐分
硝态氮
分布
淋洗
saline water
drip irrigation
salt
nitrate
distribution
leaching
