摘要
为研究复杂建筑结构下人员疏散特征,依据元胞自动机理论建立了多障碍物多出口条件下的疏散模型。该模型结合"静态场+动态场"理论能反映真实场景中的人员疏散过程。利用该模型分别对教室内不同人员密度和不同人员初始分布的疏散过程进行模拟,并重点分析走廊宽度、出口宽度和出口间距对人员疏散效率的影响。研究结果表明:人员疏散时间随着人员密度的增加而增加;并且合理的人员分布可提高出口的利用率及疏散效率。此外,人员疏散时间随走廊宽度的增加呈指数衰减趋势,房间的出口间距较出口宽度对疏散时间的影响更为显著。
In order to study the evacuation characteristics under complex building structure,an emergency evacuation model considering obstacles and multi-exits is established based on cellular automaton.This model,which combines the static field and dynamic field,can reflect the real evacuation process.Classrooms with different occupant density and initial distributions are simulated and the effects of corridor width,exit width and separation distances of exits on evacuation efficiency are evaluated.Results show that the evacuation time increases with the density,and initial occupant distribution affects the effective usage of exits and the evacuation efficiency.Evacuation time decrease with the width of the corridor exponentially,and the exits separation distance has a bigger effect on evacuation time than exit width.
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第12期34-39,共6页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金资助(90924014)
教育部博士点基金资助(200803580007)
关键词
人员疏散
元胞自动机
人员分布
走廊宽度
出口间距
evacuation
cellular atuomation
occupant distribution
corridor width
exits separation distance
