摘要
利用6个当地主推小麦品种在节水灌溉条件下的表现,研究豫北地区小麦节水高效栽培技术,筛选节水条件下的高产品种。结果表明:最佳节水灌溉模式为底墒水+拔节水+开花水。在不同灌溉模式下品种的产量潜力有差别,在只灌底墒水模式下,可选种周麦22,产量达7 351.65kg/hm2;在底墒水+拔节水模式下,选种周麦22,其次是洛麦22和矮抗58,产量分别为7 720.95kg/hm2、7 677.30kg/hm2、7 664.55kg/hm2;在底墒水+拔节水+开花水模式下,选种洛麦22,产量达8 190.15kg/hm2,也可选种周麦22和矮抗58,产量分别为7 984.95kg/hm2、7 910.70kg/hm2。在底墒水+拔节水+开花水模式下,周麦22、矮抗58、洛麦22三个品种的产量、水分利用效率、降水利用效率和土壤水利用效率均表现为最高,三品种平均较底墒水+拔节水模式、只灌底墒水模式高4.4%、17.0%;24.8%、51.5%;4.5%、16.8%;75.1%,150.9%。而灌溉水利用效率则相反,表现为只灌底墒水模式下最高,三品种分别较底墒水+拔节水模式、底墒水+拔节水+开花水模式高161.2%、262.3%,说明随着灌水量的增加,灌溉水利用效率降低。
Six main wheat varieties locally promoted were studied to explore the water saving cultivation of wheat in northern Henan and to select the outstanding varieties according to their yields under water saving irrigation.The results indicated that the optimal irrigation regime was irrigation at pre-sowing,jointing and flowering stages.The yields of varieties differed betweenirrigation patterns.In the pre-sowing water pattern（A）,the optimum variety was Zhoumai 22,with the yield of 7351.65kg/ha.In the pre-sowing water and jointing water pattern（B）,the optimum variety was Zhoumai 22,followed by Luomai 22 and Aikang 58.Their yields were 7720.95kg/ha and 7677.30kg/ha and 7664.55kg/ha,respectively.In the pre-sowing water,jointing water and flowering water pattern（C）,the yields of Luomai 22,Zhoumai 22 and Aikang 58 were 8190.15kg/ha,7984.95kg/ha and 7910.70kg/ha,respectively.The pattern C generated the highest yield and efficiency of using irrigation water,precipitation water and soil water.The ave-rage index values of three varieties were increased by 4.4% and 17.0%,24.8% and 51.5%,4.5% and 16.8%,75.1% and 150.9%,compared to the patterns B and A.The greatest irrigation water use efficiency was found in the pattern A,and the average values of three varieties was 161.2% and 262.3% higher than the patterns B and C,which showed that with the increasing of irrigation quantity,the irrigation water use efficiency was decreased.
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第12期61-64,共4页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项
关键词
灌水
小麦
产量
水分利用效率
Irrigation
Wheat
Grain yield
Water use efficiency
