摘要
光照是梨树生长发育的重要因子,树形结构的变化会影响冠内各层次叶幕对光的截获和利用,继而影响一系列与光有关的生理生化过程,最终对果实产量和品质产生影响。以改造后的单层开心树形(简称"开心形")和多主枝通透疏散形(简称"疏散形")的乔冠老鸭梨树为试材,对不同树形的光合特性以及果实产量和品质进行测定,研究鸭梨不同树形的光分布状况及其对果实产量和品质的影响,以确定老梨园更新改造适宜的树形。结果表明:由于单层开心形与疏散形的总枝量、短枝量以及短枝量/总枝量均有不同程度的差距,因而造成冠内有效光辐射、净光合速率和透光率的优劣,进而导致2种树形间产量和品质的显著差异。综合指标分析认为,乔砧大冠梨园的改造利用以选择开心树形为宜。
Light is an important factor on the growth and development of pear tree.Different tree shapes could affect light intensity and light utilization in each layer of the canopy,and then affect relative physiological and biochemical processes,and eventually affect fruit yield and quality.Taking pruned single layer tree with open centre and standard big canopy tree with disperse branches as research materials,the photosynthesis characteristics,fruit yield and fruit quality were measured to test the effects of light density,so as to determine appropriate tree shape for old pear orchards.The results showed that there were significant differences between 2 tree shapes.The reason could be that the differences in total branches number,short branches number and the proportion of short branches,affected photosynthesis active radiation,net photosynthetic rate and transmittance of light.The overall indicators analysis showed that open centre shape should be selected in the transformation of big canopy pear orchards with standard rootstocks.
出处
《河北农业科学》
2011年第8期6-9,共4页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
基金
河北省科技支撑项目(11220602D)
国家梨产业技术体系经费资助(CARS-29-23)
关键词
鸭梨
树形
枝量
光照强度
光合速率
透光率
产量
品质
Yali Pear
Tree shape
Shoots number
Light density
Photosynthetic rate
Transmittance
Yield
Fruit quality
