摘要
通过调查小麦-石榴间作系统及单作作物系统中冬小麦根长密度,分析了冬小麦在间作模式下根系的空间变化规律及边行效应.结果表明,在间作系统中,在空间上冬小麦根系主要分布在0～40 cm土壤层,80 cm以下根长密度较小,在垂直方向上随深度的增加符合幂函数衰减规律,呈"T"型分布.在时间上冬小麦吸水根长密度从返青期开始增加,在灌浆期达到峰值,乳熟期略有下降,呈现"低-高-低"的变化趋势.在各个生育时期,不同位置间作小麦吸水根长密度的大小为N80>S80>N160>S160>Center,在水平方向上呈"两边多、中间少"分布趋势.与单作系统相比,Center处的间作小麦根长密度略有下降,但N80,S80,N160和S160间作小麦根长密度明显增加,边行效应明显.灌浆期中单作小麦根长密度等值线明显高于S80,S160,N160和N80的间作小麦,表明在相同的根系等值线条件下,间作小麦根系下扎深度要深于单作小麦,且越靠近石榴下扎深度越深,边行根系生长优势有利于间作冬小麦对有限水资源的竞争.
The spatial and temporal distributions of wheat fine roots in the wheat-pomegranate intercropping were investigated in the hilly region of TaiHang Mountain. The results showed that winter wheat fine roots were mainly distributed in the 0 - 40 cm depth soil layers. And root length density was a T type distribution because of less fine roots under 80 cm depth. At the vertical direction, there was a power function decreased progressively with the increse of depth. Fine root length density increased from the seedling period and reached a peak value in the filling period but decreased after filling period. There was a low-high-low variation trend in the total growth period. The intercropping wheat root length density was a variation of N80 〉 S80 〉 N160 〉 S160 〉 Center in the growth period. At the horizontal direction, Fine root length density was high in both outsides of intercropping wheat and low in the center of intercropping wheat. Compared with the monocropping, intercropping wheat root length density of N80, S80, N160 and S160 increased significantly but that of the center decreased slightly. The results indicated edge effect of intercropping wheat was obvious. Isoplethes of monocropping wheat were higher than those of intercropping wheat of S80, N80, S160 and N160. The isoline results indicated that the intercropping wheat roots were deeper than monocrooping wheat at the same isopleth value. And the nearer to the pomegranate trees, deeper it is. The more intercropping wheat roots of border rows were beneficial to the absorptiok of the limited water resource.
出处
《河南农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期640-646,共7页
Journal of Henan Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40871106)
林业公益性行业科研专项课题(201104009-04)
关键词
小麦-石榴间作系统
吸收根
根长密度
边行效应
winter wheat-pomegranate intercropping system
fine root
root length density
edge effect
