摘要
为避免土石坝漫顶后迅速溃决,采用水槽试验的手段对临时加高坝顶和在坝体下游面铺设防水布两种工程除险措施进行了研究。试验发现,临时加高坝顶后,可以有效地减缓漫顶时间,推迟洪峰的到来,但是临时加高坝顶会使坝前水位升高,使得溃坝形成的洪峰流量值增大,因此在实践中采用该工程措施时要慎重。而在下游坡面铺设防水布后,可以有效地减缓下游面的冲刷速度,不仅可以将整个溃坝历时延长,推迟洪峰的出现,同时形成的溃坝洪峰值也会有所降低,相比较而言,该措施是一种比较适宜的工程应急除险措施。
In order to avoid the failure of embankment dam quickly after overtopping, two risk-elimination measures, i. e. temporarily heightening of dam crest and placing waterproof fabric on the downstream face of dam, are studied through flume experiment. The experiment indicates that though the time of overtopping can be effectively postponed with the delay of occurrence of flood peak after the temporarily heightening of dam crest, the temporarily heightening of dam crest will lead the flood peak dis- charge caused by dam failure to be increased, and then this kind of engineering measure must be cautiously adopted in the prac- tice concerned. Nevertheless, the velocity of erosion on the downstream face of dam can be effectively alleviated after placing wa- terproof fabric, which can not only prolong the whole duration of the dam failure and delay the occurrence of flood peak, but also can lowered the value of flood peak on a certain scale, and then is a more favorable engineering measure for the emergency riskelimination comparatively.
出处
《水利水电技术》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第12期101-104,共4页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
水利部重大专项"水库溃坝风险与减灾技术研究"
国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金项目(51021006)
堰塞湖风险评估与应急管理研究(2009BAK56B05)
关键词
土石坝
漫顶
应急除险
水槽试验
embankment dam
overtopping
emergency risk-elimination
flume experiment
