摘要
植被恢复是退化生态系统恢复的关键,本研究采用典型样地调查和历史资料分析方法,对滇中一平浪林场滇石栎退化灌丛的植被恢复改造技术进行了研究。结果表明:滇石栎灌丛的4种退化状态类型,分别代表滇石栎灌丛向云南松乔木林演替过程中的4个阶段,各个阶段植被恢复与改造的方法措施因立地条件、物种组成、植被盖度、高度的影响各不相同,但都体现了遵循自然演替规律、加快演替进程的特点:在近裸地和散生灌丛阶段,植被恢复的主要任务为通过人工手段增加滇石栎灌丛的盖度;当群落演替进入疏灌丛阶段,则需要采用植苗方式引入云南松来加速灌丛植被的更新演替;在引入云南松并演替到密灌丛阶段后,需要根据群落中优势种的差异采取不同的抚育改造措施,来促进灌丛中云南松的快速发育并调整群落结构及物种组成。通过上述4个阶段不同方法的综合应用,滇石栎灌丛植被初期高度、盖度增加,后期向云南松林演替加快,恢复改造效果显著。
Vegetation restoration is a key issue in restoration ecology.Via the investigation of typical spots and analyzing the historic document of forest management,the restoration and reconstruction technology of Lithocarpus dealbatus shrub in the middle part of Yunnan province were studied,The results showed that four sypes of shrubs studied represented four different stages during the succession of L.dealbatus shrub to Pinus yunnanensis tree forest.The feasible measurements for the restoration and reconstruction of the four types of shrubs were different,depending on soil conditions,species compositions,coverage and height of the vegetation.However,all the measurements embodied the characteristics of following natural succession,thus accelerating the succession courses in the restoration and reconstruction practice.In the first two stages of near bare land and very scattered shrub,the main arm of vegetative restoration was to increas coverage of the shrub through artificial measures,when the vegetation evolved into the phase of sparsed L.dealbatus shrub,P.yunnanensis were introduced through planting seedlings to accelerating the succession of the shrub,while the vegetation succeeded into the phase of dense shrub,different tending and reconstruction measures were taken to promoting the rapid growth of P.yunnanensis individuals,adjusting the community structure and species composition according to difference of dominant species in the community.Through the integrated usage of the measures mentioned above,the vegetative restoration and reconstruction of L.dealbatus shrub has acquired obvious achievements in Yipinglang forest farm.
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期22-29,共8页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD03A10
2006BAD03A04)
河北省2011年科技支撑项目"近自然林经营的理论与实践"资助
关键词
滇石栎灌丛
恢复改造
滇中地区
Lithocarpus dealbatus shrub
restoration and reconstruction
in the middle part of Yunnan province
