2SCOTT DJ, YOUNGWN, TESFAY ST, et al. Laparoscopic skills training[J]. Am J Su rg, 2001, 182(2): 137-142.
3DEROSSIS AM, FRIED GM, ABRAH AMOW ICZ M, et al. Development of a model for training and evaluation of laparo- scopic skills[J]. Am J Surg, 1998, 175(6): 482-487.
4MCDOUGALL EM, CORICA FA, BOKER JR, et al. Construct validity testing of a laparoscopic surgical simulator [J]. J Am Coll Surg, 2006, 202: 779-787.
3Morris D,Sewell C,Barbagli F. Visuohaptic simulation of bone surgery for training and evaluation[J].{H}IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS,2006,(06):48-57.
4Bernardo A,Preul MC,Zabramski JM. A three-dimensional interactive virtual dissection model to simulate transpetrous surgical avenues[J].{H}NEUROSURGERY,2003,(03):499-505,discussion504.
5Ahlberg G,Kruuna O,Leijonmarck CE. Is the learning curve for laparoscopic fundoplication determined by the teacher or the pupil[J].{H}AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY,2005,(02):184-189.
6Panait L, Larios JM,Brenes RA,et a/.Surgical skills assess- ment of applicants to general surgery residency[J].J Surg Res, 2011,172(2):190-195.
7Selvander M,Asman P.Virtual reality cataract surgery train- ing: learning curves and concurrent validity[J].Acta Ophthal- mol,2010,90(5) :412-417.
8Chin K,Newton J.Survey of training in minimal access surgery in the West Midlands region of the UK[J].Gynaecol Endoscop, 2012,5 (6) : 329-333.
9Niederer P,Weiss S,Caduff R,et a/.Uterus models for use in virtual reality hysteroscopy simulators[J].Eur J Obstet Gy- necol Reprod Biol, 2011,144(Suppl 1 ) :$90-$95.
10Bajka M,Tuchschmid S, Fink D,et a/.Establishing construct validity of a virtual reality training simulator for hysteroscopy via amultimetric scoring system[J].Surg Endoscop,2010,2d (1):79-88.