摘要
在阐述灌溉用水效率尺度效应内涵及其产生原因的基础上,对研究现状进行了评述,并提出了今后的研究方向。灌溉用水效率尺度效应主要由灌区土壤、作物、气候、灌溉工程、灌溉水量等多种因素的空间变异性和回归水利用导致;现有灌溉用水效率指标应该拓宽供水效益内涵,同时在经济条件约束下来考虑回归水的再利用;现有各类指标随尺度变化规律并不固定,主要原因是尺度效应并非由单一因素决定;现有尺度效应转换研究都是单独针对空间变异或回归水重复利用而进行,缺少对两者的综合,更缺乏成熟的尺度转换公式。今后需要在完善评价指标体系的基础上,重点对尺度转换理论进行攻关,同时还应兼顾水循环伴生过程的尺度效应研究。
A comprehensive review of scale effect （SE） on the irrigation water use efficiency （IWUE） is presented in this study, including the definition and its causes as well as the upscaling techniques. SE is the composite outcome of two main causes that refer to reusing irrigation return flow and the spatial variability of local properties such as soil, crop, climate, irrigation structures, and amount of irrigation water and others. The existing indices of irrigation water use efficiency should be extended to including the connotation of water supply efficiency. Reusing irrigation return flow should be considered together with the economic constraint. The existing studies on scale effects show that the regularity with regard to indices of irrigation water use efficiency is not conclusive due to the complexity of nature con- ditions. Regarding to upscaling problem, the two main causes have been taken into account separately and need to be synthesized in the future studies. A reliable and practical upscaling formula is still unavailable for use to improve the practice of water management. Many efforts should be devoted to the theory of scaling as well as the scale effect of accompanying courses with the water cycle, based on the improvement of irrigation water use efficiency assessment indices .
出处
《水科学进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期872-880,共9页
Advances in Water Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(50809050)
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAD25B07)~~
关键词
灌溉用水效率
尺度效应
尺度转换
水分生产率
irrigation water use efficiency
scale effect
upscaling
water productivity
