摘要
为客观地评价在流动儿童中实施脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）疫苗强化免疫的效果，对昆明市１９９３ ～１９９８ 年进行的５ 次１０ 轮强化免疫的效果进行了评价。结果显示：在１９９７／１９９８ 年第５ 次第１ 、２ 轮强化免疫中，全市流动儿童的服苗人数分别占全市服苗儿童总数的１５－９５ ％ 和１６－４０％ 。其中两个郊区和两个城区的流动儿童服苗人数，分别占全市流动儿童服苗人数的８１－４１％ 和８１－０９％ 。由此可见，在昆明市流动儿童数量庞大，主要分布在两个郊区和两个城区，尤其是城乡结合部。流动儿童主要来自外省，居首位的是四川省。对１９９３～１９９８ 年历次强化免疫流动儿童服苗人数的分析表明：１９９３～１９９８ 年５ 次１０ 轮强化免疫，流动儿童服苗人数为２３６ ８２９ 人。其中１９９３ 年首次第１ 轮强化免疫服苗人数最多，此后连续６ 轮处于下降状态，至１９９７ 年第４ 次第２轮，由于卫生部和国际组织加强督导，使服苗人数比上一轮上升了３６－３０％ ；１９９８ 年启用志愿者，也使服苗人数增加。随着强化免疫的开展，流动儿童中零剂次免疫儿童持续下降；１９９４ 年后流动儿童中未发现脊灰野病毒病例。
In this paper, we evaluated the effectiveness of supplementary immunization of polio vaccine at 5 National Immunization Days(NIDs) in floating children in Kunming city from 1993～1998. The results showed that in the 1 st and 2 nd rounds of 5 th NIDs(1997/1998), the vaccinated floating children accounted for 15.95%(31,758/199,146) and 16.40%(34,299/209,124) of the total vaccinated children in the city respectively, among whom the vaccinated floating children residing in 2 suburbans and 2 urbans were 81.41% and 81.09% respectively. This indicated that a great number of floating children were staying in the city, most of them mainly distributed in the adjacent regions of suburbans and urbans and they chiefly came from other provinces, mostly from Sichuan Province. Investigation on series NIDs showed a total of 236829 floating children in 5NIDs were vaccinated, of which, in 1 st round of 1993, the rate of the vaccinated floating children was the highest and the following six rounds were in a decreasing manner, till the 2 nd round of 1997. Under the supervision of WHO and Ministry of Health and the participation of motivated volunteers, the vaccinated floating children increased by 36.30%. The zero-dose vaccination of floating children also decreased along with the implementation of NIDs. No cases of wild type polio virus infection in floating children were found since 1994.
出处
《中国计划免疫》
1999年第6期337-339,333,共4页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
关键词
脊髓灰质炎
流动儿童
强化免疫
Poliomyelitis
Floating children
National Immunization Days(NIDs)
Effect evaluation
