摘要
采用样地调查法对西双版纳自然保护区和整个西双版纳地区的蚂蚁数量、生物量、每天和每年搬运土壤和有机质的数量进行了测定和推算。在勐腊县橡胶园内, 黄■蚁Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius) 在45-5% 的树冠上做巢, 并很好地保护了这些橡胶树。西双版纳地区总面积19 690 km2 , 其中保护区占12-7 % ,蚂蚁的数量相当可观。经测定, 西双版纳自然保护区的蚂蚁数量为5-2 ×1012 头(5-2 万亿头), 其相应的生物量为1-04×104t (1-04 万吨) , 相当于3 467 头亚洲象的总体重; 它们1 年内搬运的土壤和有机质总量为1-5 ×108t (1-5 亿吨) 。而整个西双版纳地区蚂蚁总数为5-2 ×1013 头(52 万亿头), 相应的生物量为1-04 ×105 t(10-4 万吨) , 相当于34667 头亚洲象的体重之和; 这些蚂蚁1 年内搬运的土壤和有机质为1-5 ×109 t (15 亿吨) 。
Through sample plot investigation method,individual numbers and biomass of ant community in Xishuangbanna are determined,and daily and annual amount of soil and organic matters transported by ants are calculated separately. Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius) nests on 45 5% crowns of rubber trees and the latter is well protected.The total area of Xishuangbanna District is 19?690?km 2,in which Xishu angbanna Nature Reserve occupied 12 7%.The individual number of ants in this area is quite considerable.The total individual number of ants in Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve is 5 2×10 12 ,the respective biomass is 1 04×10 4?t,which equal to the total biomass of 3?467 Asian elephants.And the annual amount of soil and organic matters they transported is 1 5×10 8?t.The total individual number of ants in the whole Xishuangbanna District is 5 2×10 13 ,and the respective biomass is 1 04×10 5?t,which equal to the total biomass of 34?667 Asian elephants.The annual amount of soil and organic matters transported by these ants is 1 5×10 9?t.
基金
国家自然科学基金!( 青年基金) (39500118)
云南省应用基础研究基金!(95C067Q)
关键词
蚂蚁
生物量
生态功能
热带雨林
西双版纳
Ants
Biomass
Ecological function
Tropical rain forest
Xishuangbanna
