摘要
本文运用2008年《中国能源统计年鉴》、《浙江省投入产出表》统计数据和IPCC相关实验数据,采用分层投入产出—生命周期评价法,构建五个层级对农业系统碳足迹进行量化,深度分析农业碳排放的数量和结构特征。研究表明:(1)按照国际惯例IPCC核算的农业碳排放只占总碳足迹的43.55%,隐含在农用能源和农业工业投入品生产过程中的碳排放被忽视或被低估,这将严重影响农业系统减排和低碳农业发展战略的制定;(2)从农业碳足迹结构来看,农业种植、养殖活动本身排放的温室气体所占比重不大;农用能源直接和间接碳排放、工业投入品全生命周期碳排放、农业废弃物最终处置是农业源温室气体最重要的三大类来源;其中以化肥(氮肥)生产、运输、施用过程中引致的碳排放在整个农业系统碳排放中所占比重最大;(3)农业技术和管理措施具有积极的减排增汇效应。
This paper utilizes the statistical data from the Chinese Energy Statistical Yearbook and the Input-output Table of Zhejiang Province and the experimental data of IPCC,adopts the Tiered Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment(TIO-LCA) method to build five tires to measure the agricultural carbon footprint to analyze the quantitative and the structure characteristics of the carbon emission.It is shown that the agricultural carbon emission calculated by IPCC is 43.55% of the carbon footprint,and the carbon emission embodied in the agricultural energy and the agrochemical inputs such as fertilizers,pesticides,insecticides in the agriculture is neglected or be underestimated,which seriously affects the agricultural system reduction greenhouse gases and the low-carbon development strategy.In the meantime,the embodied carbon in different energy and the carbon emission of the agrochemical inputs in the whole life cycle and the emission in waste deposal are the main three sources of the greenhouse gas emission in the agricultural industry.The percentage of the carbon emission in the production,selling and the usage of the nitrogenous fertilizer is the biggest one in the whole system of the agricultural industry.The agricultural technology,the farming practices and the management measure has the huge potential in the emission reduction and the environment improvement in the agriculture industry.
出处
《农业经济问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第11期40-47,111,共8页
Issues in Agricultural Economy
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"中国碳减排效率与发达国家的比较评价研究"(编号:10CJY030)
浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目"浙江省生态补偿机制和实施途径研究"(编号:10CGYD57YBQ)
浙江省农业软科学课题"浙江低碳农业发展研究"(编号:201006)的阶段性研究成果
