摘要
[目的]研究2005年5月30日甘肃中部一次超级单体风暴三维结构及回波特征量。[方法]利用兰州CINRAD/CC多普勒雷达监测资料,对2005年5月30日发生在甘肃中部一次罕见的超级单体风暴三维结构特征进行分析,试图揭示青藏高原东北侧出现超级单体风暴的三维结构及其回波特征指标,以寻找这次出现罕见大冰雹的原因。[结果]这次大范围强风暴是在蒙古冷涡、低空急流、地面冷锋共同作用下造成的。主体回波发展成熟时期,在反射率因子图上,低层风暴左前方呈现明显的倒"V"字型结构,右后侧呈现典型的钩状、"人"字型回波特征;低层有界弱回波区(穹隆)与高层强回波悬垂体相对应;强反射率因子区超过60 dBz;相应的径向速度图上呈现一个弱中气旋。VIL的跃增特性可作为判断冰雹增长开始的指标之一,几乎所有VIL密度≥4.00 g/m3的风暴对于判断降大冰雹(直径≥20 mm)的可能性比VIL具有更明显的指示意义。[结论]该研究为强对流天气的临近预报和人工防雹提供参考。
[Objective] The research aimed to study three-dimensional structure and echo characteristic quantity of a super monomer storm in central Gansu on May 30,2005.[Method] By the monitoring data of Lanzhou CINRAD/CC Doppler radar,the three-dimensional structure characteristics of a rare super monomer storm which happened in the central area of Gansu on May 30,2005 were analyzed.We tried to reveal three-dimensional structure and echo characteristic index of super monomer storm in the northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and find reason of rare heavy hail.[Result] The large-scale strong storm was formed by the common effect of Mongolia cold vortex,low-level jet and ground cold front.At the mature period of main echo development,on reflectivity factor map,it presented obvious inverted ＂V＂ shaped structure in the left front of low-level storm,and typical hook shape,＂person＂ type echo characteristics in the right rear.The bounded weak echo zone（vault） in low level corresponded with strong echo overhanging body in high level.The strong reflectivity factor zone surpassed 60 dBz.It presented one weak meso-cyclone on the corresponding radical velocity map.The jumped characteristic of VIL could be as one of indexes for judging that hail started to grow.Almost all storms（VIL ≥4.00 g/m3） had more obvious guidance significance than VIL for judging heavy hail（diameter ≥20 mm）.[Conclusion] The research provided reference for nowcasting of strong convective weather and artificial hail suppression.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第31期19430-19434,共5页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200906024)
中国气象局气象新技术推广项目(CMATG2009MS38)
关键词
超级单体
风暴
三维结构
回波特征量
Super monomer
Storm
Three-dimensional structure
Echo characteristic quantity
