摘要
加拿大立国近一百五十年来,主流社会对待原住民的态度日渐转变——政府的归化政策已逐渐被尊重和保护包括原住民的所有族群的多元文化政策所取代;而原住民自身也日渐觉醒并通过文学创作探寻和重新确立自己的族群身份。同时,原住民文学的发展又反过来促进了多元文化、民族和谐等当代进步理念在加拿大社会的全面普及。本文拟借助后殖民主义批评理论,从主流社会的白人文学作品和原住民自身的文学创作两方面来探讨和阐述上述的互动性社会进步。司各特长期受赞誉的关于印第安人的诗歌却因在后殖民批评理论的审视下被揭示出殖民主义思维而受到诟病。本文选取了两部获奖作品印第安剧作家海威的《保留地的姐妹》和因纽特人自编自导自演的第一部电影《冰原快跑人》以揭示原住民作家维护和弘扬本民族文化身份及传统的努力及其对主流社会的影响。
In more than 140 years since the Dominion of Canada was established,the Canadianmainstream society＇s attitude towards its native people has changed little by little—the govern-ment＇s earlier policy of assimilation has been gradually replaced by a policy of multiculturalism,which claims to respect and protect every ethnic group in Canada.Meanwhile the native people＇sown consciousness has also been awakened and they are searching for and re-establishing theirown ethnic identities through literary creations.Simultaneously,the native literatures＇progresshas helped to popularize some progressive concepts like multiculturalism and social harmony in thewhole Canada.This thesis attempts to explore and analyze,in the light of postcolonial criticism,the above mentioned interactive social progress from two perspectives：first,the mainstream whitewriters＇literary creations and second,the aboriginal writers＇own literary writings.The changingestimation of＂Confederation Poet＂D.C.Scott,both as a poet and as an official,provides anexample for the first perspective.Scott＇s poems concerning Indian people had once brought himhigh reputation,but have been criticized,in the light of postcolonial criticism,as revealing hiscolonial way of thinking.On the other hand,the native writers＇literary writings are illustratedwith two prize-winning works—The Rez Sisters by Indian playwright T.Highway and The Fast Runner,the first film directed and produced solely by the Inuit personals—as examples to demon-strate the native writers＇efforts to maintain their own ethnic identities and cultural heritages,andconcurrently,their writings＇impacts over the mainstream society.
出处
《外国文学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第5期72-79,共8页
Foreign Literature Studies
基金
“江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目”的阶段性成果
关键词
加拿大社会
后殖民主义批评
原住民文学
族群身份
互动性进步
Canadian society postcolonial criticism native literatures ethnic identities in-teractive progress
