摘要
采用1950—2000年逐月观测的不同海域(全球、热带外、热带、热带印度洋-太平洋及热带太平洋)海表温度,分别驱动NCAR CAM3全球大气环流模式,进行了多组长时间积分试验,对比ERA-40再分析资料,讨论了这些海域海表温度异常(SSTA)对东半球越赤道气流年代际变化的影响。数值试验结果表明,全球、热带、热带印度洋-太平洋及热带太平洋海表温度变化分别驱动NCAR CAM3全球大气环流模式,均能模拟出索马里、120°E和150°E越赤道气流在1970年代中后期由弱变强的年代际变化特征,其中模拟的索马里越赤道气流年代际变化特征及其与东亚夏季风年代际变化关系均与观测结果较一致,而热带外海表温度驱动全球大气环流模式未能模拟出此年代际变化现象,表明全球、热带、热带印度洋-太平洋及热带太平洋海表温度变化均对索马里越赤道气流在1970年代中后期的年代际变化具有重要作用,热带太平洋是关键海区;索马里越赤道气流的年代际变化与热带太平洋海温年代际背景变化密切相关,当热带太平洋处于暖(冷)背景年代,热带东太平洋海温异常从北到南呈"+、-、+"("-、+、-")"三明治"式距平分布,有利于赤道东太平洋南北两侧产生一对距平反气旋(气旋),然后可能通过"大气桥"的作用,与热带印度洋赤道南北两侧的一对距平气旋(反气旋)联系起来,从而引起索马里越赤道气流强度的增强(减弱)。
Impacts of regional sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA) on the interdecadal variation of the cross-equator flows(CEF) in eastern hemisphere are studied using numerical simulations with a global atmospheric circulation model(NCAR CAM3) driven with 1950—2000 monthly SSTs in different sea areas(global,extratropical,tropical,tropical Indian Ocean-Pacific,and tropical Pacific) and ERA-40 reanalysis data.Results show that all simulations except one driven with extratropical SSTs can simulate the interdecadal scale strengthening of CEFs around Somali,120 ?E,and 150 oE occurred in mid-late 1970s.Among those simulated CEFs,the interdecadal variability of simulated CEF in Somali and its interdecadeal relationship with East Asian summer monsoon are in better agreement with observations,suggesting that changes in SSTs of tropical oceans,especially the tropical Pacific plays a crucial role in the interdecadal variability of CEF in Somali.The interdacadal changes of CEF in Somali is highly associated with the interdecadal variation of tropical Pacific SST.As the interdecadal warmer(colder) SST happens in the tropical Pacific,a "sandwich" type SSTA pattern "+、-、+"("-、+、-") will occur in the eastern tropical Pacific from north to south with a pair of anomaly anticyclone(cyclone) at the lower troposphere;the anticyclone(cyclone) pair links to another pair cyclone(anticyclone) in tropical Indian Ocean through atmosphere bridge,and thus strengthen(weaken) CEF in Somali.
出处
《热带气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期609-618,共10页
Journal of Tropical Meteorology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(4077505941071029)
广州热带海洋气象研究所热带基金项目(200806)
中国科学院知识创新工程领域前沿项目(IAP09312)共同资助
关键词
气候学
东半球越赤道气流
数值模拟
年代际变化
海表温度异常
climatology
cross-equator Flow in Eastern Hemisphere
numerical simulation
interdecadal variation
SSTA