摘要
木聚糖是双子叶植物次生细胞壁中最主要的半纤维素,含有木聚糖的次生壁是最丰富的植物生物质,广泛应用于能源、制浆、造纸和纺织业中,但其主要组分戊糖对细胞壁生物质利用具有较大影响。揭示木聚糖合成的分子机制,为遗传修饰细胞壁组成,更好地利用细胞壁生物质提供新的策略。近年来对模式植物拟南芥中多个木聚糖合成有缺陷的突变体的分析表明:GT43家族的IRX9、IRX9-L、IRX14、IRX14-L,GT47家族的FRA8、F8H、IRX10、IRX10-L,GT8家族的IRX8、PARVUS、QUA1、GUX1、GUX2等参与了木聚糖主链、还原末端序列和侧链的合成。本文主要对这些研究进展做一综述,并讨论了木聚糖合成的机制及亟待解决的问题,展望了其发展趋势。
Xylans are the major hemicelluloses in secondary cell walls of dicots and are critical for normal plant growth and development. Xylan-containing lignocellulosic secondary cell walls are the most abundant repository of biomass on earth and are widely used for energy, pulping, paper-making and textiles. However, the pentose composition of xylans makes them difficult to be used efficiently. Thus, understanding the detailed mechanism of xylan biosynthesis may lead to new strategies to manipulate the xylan composition in cell walls and to modify their structures. To date the characterization of various xylan-deficient Arabidopsis mutants has identified many genes encoding members of glycosyltransferase family GT43, GT8 and GT47 that are involved in biosynthesis of xylan backbone, reducing end sequence and side chains. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on glycosyltransferases involved in xylan biosynthesis.
出处
《植物生理学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第9期831-839,共9页
Plant Physiology Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金(30870142和30400022)
华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费(120002040249)
关键词
木聚糖
结构
生物合成
糖基转移酶
xylan
structure
biosynthesis
glycosyltransferases
