摘要
利用梯度间歇曝氧新技术,从太湖湖滨湿地沉积物中筛选出高效降解有机物的土著兼性厌氧菌群,分离纯化、鉴定出优势菌,并研究了接种兼性厌氧菌对湖滨湿地微生物群落结构及有机物降解效果的影响.结果表明,筛选出的兼性厌氧菌群中没有严格好氧菌或严格厌氧菌混杂,筛选后期对沉积物中TOM的去除率为21%.分离出优势菌FA4,FA10和FA14,其16S rDNA鉴定结果分别为Pseudomonas sp.,Flavobacteriaceae bacterium和Haematobacter sp..分别接种优势菌及混合菌群后的湖滨湿地沉积物中兼性厌氧菌数和菌活性ETS值比对照组显著增高.对照组兼性厌氧菌菌群数〔lg(MPN/g),以干质量计,其中MPN为最大概率可能数量〕和ETS(以INTF计,干质量)值分别为4.9和85μg/(g.2 h),而试验组的兼性厌氧菌菌群数都在5.4以上,ETS值都在240μg/(g.2 h)以上.筛选出的兼性厌氧菌及菌群能很好地适应环境,有效降解有机物,7 d内将湖滨湿地沉积物中的BOD5降低了90%以上,而未接种的对照组仅减少了56%;其TOM去除率是对照组的2.0～2.6倍,3 d内对照组TOM去除率为5%,而FA4,FA10,FA14和菌群(FAG)试验组TOM去除率分别为10%,13%,10%和12%.
A facultative anaerobic flora with high efficiency in organic matter biodegradation was isolated from the near-shore wetland in Taihu Lake using a new gradient intermittent oxygen exposure technology. The dominant bacteria were isolated and identified. The microbial population structure was measured during the biodegradation period, and the organic matter removal rates were calculated. The results showed that there were nearly no obligatory anaerobic bacteria or obligatory aerobic bacteria in the screened facultative anaerobic bacteria, and the TOM degradation rate during the screening process was about 21% in the laterperiod of the screening experiment. The dominant bacteria, named FA4, FAIO and FA14, were isolated and identified. 16S rDNA results showed that they belonged to Pseudomonas sp., Flavobacteriaceae bacterium and Haematobacter sp. respectively. The facultative anaerobic bacteria population sizes and bacteria activity ETS value in the treatment group, which inoculated the dominant bacteria and the screened facuhative anaerobic flora, were higher than those in the control group. The facuhative anaerobic bacteria population size （ lg （ MPN/g ）, dry weight ; maximum probability mayquantity （MPN）） and ETS value in the control group were about 4.9 and 85 （ μg INTF/（g·2 h）, dry weight）, respectively. On the other hand, the faeuhative anaerobic bacteria population size and ETS value in the treatment groups were all above 5.4 and 240 （μg INTF/（g·2 h）, dry weight）, respectively. The screened facuhative anaerobic bacteria and flora could adapt to the environment well, and degrade organic matter effectively. In seven days, the BOD5 of near-shore wetland sediment in the treatment groups with bacterial inoculation were all reduced by above 90% , while the BOD5 of near-shore wetland sediment in the control group was reduced by 56% only. The TOM degradation rate in the treatment group was about 2.0-2. 6 times that of the control group. In three days, the TOM degradation rate of the control group was around 5% , but the TOM degradation rates in the treatment groups, inoculated by FA4, FAIO, and FA14 and bacterial consortia （FAG） respectively, were around 10% , 13% , 10% and 12% , respectively.
出处
《环境科学研究》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第10期1129-1135,共7页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07101-009)
关键词
兼性厌氧菌
有机物
湖滨湿地
筛选
太湖
facuhative anaerobic bacteria
organic matter
near-shore wetland
screening
Taihu Lake
