摘要
目的分析2008—2010年被动物咬伤至我院犬伤门诊就诊病例的流行病学特征,为加强本市城乡结合地区狂犬病防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性研究方法,根据我院犬伤门诊记录和统计资料,对伤人动物类别及就诊者的性别、年龄、显露部位、级别、伤口处理、疫苗接种情况等相关因素进行统计分析。结果 2008—2010年我院犬伤门诊共接诊6 782例伤者,被犬咬伤者占88.30%;20～29岁、0～9岁的伤者分别占29.31%和16.22%。咬伤部位下肢和上肢分别占46.06%和38.64%。不同月份被咬伤者的构成比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。疫苗接种率为100.00%,但免疫球蛋白接种率仅为2.47%。结论政府相关部门应依法加强犬只管理;普及狂犬病防治知识,加强低龄儿童保护措施和青壮年的自我保护意识;及时处理伤口和免疫接种(包括被动免疫)是预防狂犬病的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of cases admitted to the out-patient department of dog injury of the second hospital of Xiamen from 2008 to 2010 for the purpose of improving the prevention of rabies in urban-rural connection areas.Methods Data concerning the attacking species,genders and ages of the patients,areas and grades of the exposure,treatment of the wound and status of anti-rabies inoculation were statistically analyzed using descriptive methods according to our records from the out-patient department of our hospital.Results Of the 6782 patients treated by our out-patient department of dog injury from 2008 to 2010,dog bite accouted for 88.30% of all cases;adults of 20 to 29 years-old and children aged from 0 to 9 accounted for 29.31% and 16.22% respectively.the wounds appeared mostly in the upper limbs（46.06%） and the lower limbs（38.64%）.Statistical differences were noted among constituent ratios of cases visited at different months of the year（P0.01）.All the cases were inoculated with anti-rabies vaccine（inoculation rate：100.00%）;however,inoculation rate of human anti-rabies immunoglobulin was merely 2.51%.Conclusion Our results indicate that the key to rabies prevention includes better control of dogs according to related government policies,better public education on rabies control and prevention,more effective measures to protect young children and better self-protecting awareness among the young people,timely cleaning of the wounds and immediate use of anti-rabies immunoglobulin and vaccine.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第30期3529-3530,共2页
Chinese General Practice
