摘要
目的为颅底外科提供颅眶孔和眶外侧沟的解剖学资料。方法取100例(200侧)成人干颅骨和30例(60侧)成人尸头标本,观察和测量颅眶孔及其邻近结构,在形态学上对其进行分类,观察其变异情况。结果颅眶孔的出现率为65.5%(131侧),颅眶孔位于蝶骨的大翼,额骨或是位于或接近于蝶额缝。颅眶孔可为1～3个。眶外侧沟的出现率为24%(48侧)。在湿标本中,颅眶孔内未见动脉。脑膜中动脉眶支的走行可分为3型:Ⅰ型:脑膜中动脉的眶支经颅眶孔与泪腺动脉交通;Ⅱ型:脑膜中动脉的眶支呈双干经颅眶孔和眶上裂与泪腺动脉交通;Ⅲ型:脑膜中动脉的眶支经眶上裂与泪腺动脉交通。结论颅眶孔和眶外侧沟及其周围结构复杂,且国人颅眶孔和眶外侧沟具有高度变异性;处理该区域病变术前需关注颅眶孔和眶外侧沟变异情况。
Objective To provide anatomic data of the cranio-orbital foramen and the lateral orbital sulcus for the skull base surgery.Methods One hundred dry adult skulls（200 sides） and 30 cadaveric heads（60 sides） were observed and measured,for exploring anatomic features and variations of the cranio-orbital foramen and its adjacent structures.Results Incidence of the cranio-orbital foramen was 65.5%（131 sides）.The cranio-orbital foramen located on the greater wing of the sphenoid bone,or on the frontal bone,at or near the spheno-frontal suture.Usually,1-3 foramens could be observed.Incidence of the lateral orbital sulcus was 24%（48 sides）.No artery was observed to pass through the sulcus of cadaveric heads.The course of the orbital branch of the middle meningeal artery could be divided into 3 types.For typeⅠ,the orbital branch of the middle meningeal artery entered the orbit through the cranio-orbital foramen and anastomosed with the lacrimal artery.For typeⅡ,the paired orbital branches of the middle meningeal artery entered the orbit through the superior orbital fissure and the cranio-orbital foramen and anastomosed with the lacrimal artery.For type Ⅲ,the orbital branch of the middle meningeal artery entered the orbit through the superior orbital fissure and anastomosed with the lacrimal artery.Conclusions The cranio-orbital foramen,the lateral orbital sulcus,and their adjacent structures are complex and variable,which need to be taken notice during the surgical procedure in this area.
出处
《中国临床解剖学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期485-488,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy
基金
哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院科研基金(2009B14)
关键词
颅眶孔
脑膜中动脉
眼眶
蝶骨
颅底
Cranio-orbital foramen
Middle meningeal artery
Orbit
Sphenoid bone
Skull base
