摘要
目的研究一个适合测量我国老年人的视觉相关生活质量量表。进而用其初步评价老年人群明视觉及暗视觉相关生活质量。方法以NEI—VFQ25项量表为基础形成中文视觉相关生活质量量表，将其中与功能相关的第二部分量表分为明视觉及暗视觉两部分。应用此表测量了300例20岁～70岁（分为三组）经检查无明显眼科疾病的正常人，通过统计学指标筛选，最终选择31个指标形成本研究使用的视觉相关生活质量量表。对此量表进行效度和信度的评价，观察正常老年人群明、暗视觉相关生活质量。结果该量表31项指标，包括全身情况、视觉相关功能、社会功能、精神心理四个方面。（1）内容效度：四个分项与总分的相关系数为0．942，0．774，0．635，0．433（P=0．000）；区分效度：r=9．353，P=0．000；（2）重测信度：r=0．721，P=0．000；克朗巴赫系数：a=0．853；分半信度：R=0．911。分析第二部分视功能相关量表得分：（1）明视觉相关项目得分中青年组（43．14±1．62）分、老年前期组（40．56±2．13）分、老年组（38．17±1．79）分；（2）暗视觉相关项目得分：中青年组（42．52±1．73）分、老年前期组（29．98±1．08）分、老年组（16．15±1．88）分；B组与A组比较中，明视觉相关生活质量得分下降4．65％（P〉0．05）差异无统计学意义，暗视觉相关生活质量得分下降28．57％（P〈0．05）差异有统计学意义；C组与A组比较中，明、暗视觉相关生活质量得分分别下降11．62％（P〈0．05）、61．90％（P〈0．05）差异均有统计学意义；B组与C组比较中，明视觉相关生活质量得分下降7．31％（P〉0．05）差异无统计学意义，暗视觉相关生活质量得分下降46．66％（P〈0．05）差异有统计学意义。结论该量表可以用来检测我国正常老年人群的视觉相关生活质量，具有较满意的效度、信度。随着年龄的增长，视杆系统功能衰退的速度快于视锥系统，该量表对于视杆系统功能衰退的反映与理论相符合。
Objective To describe the development of a scale of life （QOL） quality that measures aging-related changes of cone and rod system-related quality of life in the elderly and tests its reliability and validity. Methods The National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire （NEI-VFQ） was translated into Chinese. On the basis of this, 31 items were chosen to form a scale. 300 normal volunteers （age from 20 to 75 years） with no ophthalmologic diseases were measured by the scale to evaluate the validity and reliability of the scale, and to analyze the age-related changes in cone and rod-systemrelated quality of life. Results The correlation coefficients of content validity of four subscales were 0.942, 0.774, 0.635, 0.433 （P=0.000）. Discrimination analysis： t=9.353, P=0.000. The test-retest reliability of the scale： r=0.721, P=0.000. Chronbach ct =0.853. This correlation coefficient of split-half method was 0.911. The rod-system related quality of life of the presenium and older age-groups decreased by 28.57 % and 61.90 %, respectively. In the young group, they were 4.65 % and 11.62 % in cone-system related quality of life. Conclusion The results demonstrate that the scale has a satisfactory validity and reliability. The rod-system related quality of life is more vulnerable to age than that of the cone system. The elderly people should be more aware of risks from decreased scotopic function.
出处
《老年医学与保健》
CAS
2011年第4期221-224,共4页
Geriatrics & Health Care
