摘要
以施氮量调控氮代谢,提高氮肥利用率为目标,利用15 N研究了包膜尿素(CU100、150和225kg/hm2)和普通尿素(150和225kg/hm2)对夏玉米产量、生物量、氮肥利用率以及各器官氮分配的影响。结果表明:包膜尿素比普通尿素显著增加玉米从肥料中的吸氮量,显著增加地上部生物量;15N包膜尿素肥料利用率(15NUE,nitrogen use efficiency)显著高于普通尿素;15N包膜尿素在玉米器官的分配与普通尿素有差异,前者从肥料中吸氮量为籽粒>叶片>秸秆>玉米芯>苞叶,而后者为籽粒>秸秆>叶片>玉米芯>苞叶;非标记时,2种肥料在玉米器官的分配顺序相同,都为籽粒>叶片>秸秆>玉米芯>苞叶。玉米地上部吸氮量、籽粒氮收获指数和籽粒产量没有因不同氮肥形态和施氮量而产生显著变化,这可能是前茬冬小麦季节温度低,冬小麦吸氮少,收获后残留土壤的NO3-N含量高,所以夏玉米吸氮量主要受自身生长势或生长速率控制,受肥料种类和施氮量的影响较小。
In order to regulate nitrogen metabolism with nitrogen application rate and to increase nitrogen use efficiency,an isotopic method was used to compare grain yield,biomass and nitrogen use efficiency of coated urea（CU） to those of non-coated urea（U） at the N application rates of 0,100,150 and 225 kg/hm2.Results showed that CU significantly increased maize N uptake from 15N fertilizer and aboveground biomass.The nitrogen use efficiency（15NUE） of CU was 13.3——21.4% greater than that of U.There was a significant difference of fertilizer 15N uptake between CU and U in maize parts.And N uptake of CU treatment followed the order of seedleavesstrawscobhusk,while N uptake of U treatment was in the order of seedstrawsleavescobhusk.The N uptake of maize parts by both CU and U followed the same order when non-isotopic method was applied.No significant variations were observed amongtreatments in N uptake,Nitrogen Harvest Index and grain yield.The reason maybe that low soil temperatures（10℃） from the fourth week of October to next April reduced N uptake of winter wheat,therefore,residual NO3-N in cultivated soil layer was high after harvest.Thus,maize N uptake was more dependent on the shoot growth potential than fertilizer amount and types under high amount of available nitrogen.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期802-806,共5页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2010-6)
浙江大学核农学重点实验室开放基金(2010-9)
关键词
15N肥料
玉米
产量
氮肥利用率
包膜尿素
15N fertilizer
maize
grain yield
nitrogen use efficiency
coated urea
