摘要
为了控制胺类捕收剂对环境造成的污染,借鉴表面活性剂等有机污染物的生物降解性评价体系,采用BOD_5/COD_(Cr)法和OECD-301B(ISO 9439)标准对胺类捕收剂的生物降解性进行评价,考察分子结构对生物降解度的影响。研究表明,十二胺、十八胺、癸烷基丙基醚胺(醚胺609)、十二烷基丙基醚胺(醚胺601)、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、十二烷基三甲基溴化铵28 d最终好氧生物降解率分别为76.0%、50.6%、63.2%、56.3%、63.4%、68 0%,生物降解指数分别为173.4、162.2、160.8、149.4、164.6、171 2,其中癸烷基丙基醚胺和十二烷基丙基醚胺对微生物有抑制作用,其抑制时间分别为2 d和4 d,除癸烷基丙基醚胺和十二烷基丙基醚胺的BOD5/COD_(Cr)值小于0.3以外,其余4种药剂的BOD_5/COD_(Cr)值均在0.3以上。综合两种评价方法,这6种胺类捕收剂均属于可生物降解有机物。其生物降解性从大到小为:十二胺、十二烷基三甲基溴化铵、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、醚胺609、十八胺、醚胺601。相对来说,有机物碳链越长,其降解性能越差,另外,碳链中醚基的加入也影响有机物的生物降解性能。最后初步探讨了胺类捕收剂的生物降解机理。
The paper is to present our research results on aerobic biodegradability of amine collectors. As is known, amine is a kind of broad-spectrum oxidized ore collector, whose bonded atom is N. Amine is regarded as the alkyl derivatives of ammonium （ NH3 ）. The present paper has done a research on the biodegradability of amine collectors by using the methods of BOD5/CODcr and OECD - 301B （ISO 9439）, in accordance with the testing standards for the biodegradability of surfactants and other organic compounds in hoping to better control the pollution of amine collectors. At the same time, we have also studied the influence of molecular structure on the biodegradability of the amine collectors. The results of our 28th-day biodegradation study indicate that the biodegradation rate of lauryl amine, octadecylamine, deeane-propyl ether amine, dodeeyl propyl ether amine, laurtrimonium chloride and lauryl trimethyl ammonium bromide turned out to be 76.0%, 50.6%, 63.2%, 56.3%, 63.4% and 68.0% , respectively, with the index of biodegradability reaching 173.4, 162.2, 160.8, 149.4, 164.6 and 171.2. Among them, the decane-propyl ether amine and dodecyl propyl ether amine revealed some inhibitive effect on the microorganisms with the sup- pressing time lasting two and four days, respectively. The ratios of BOD5/CODcr to amine collectors prove to be all higher than 0.3 except decanc-propyl ether amine and dodecyl propyl ether amine. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, it can be concluded that of all the six kinds of amine collectors and all the biodegradable organics, the order of biodegradability can be shown as follows ： lauryl amine 〉 lauryl trimethyl ammonium bromide 〉 laurtrimonium chlo- ride 〉 decane-propyl ether amine 〉 octadecylamine 〉 dodecyl propyl ether amine. Therefore, comparatively speaking, at the presence of ester group and with the decrease of biodegradability of ether amine, the shorter the carbon chain, the higher the biodegradation. And, finally, we have also studied the biodegradation mechanism of amine collectors. As the result, two potential biodegradation pathways for ether amine were found： the rupture of C--N, firstly, and then via the oxidation of wand B, to produce uhima metabolites; the other is firstly to enact the rupture of C--O, and then to produce propylamine and fatty acid which will then be oxidized. In final analysis, for primary amine to be biodegraded is to rupture C--N, firstly, then to ox- idize the products of NH3 and aliphatic alcohol. And in the case of quaternary ammonium salt, with the rupture of C--N, it is recom-mended that （CH3）3N and aliphatic alcohol be produced first, and aliphatic alcohol should be degraded to final product.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期76-81,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家"863"计划项目(2007AA06Z123)
湖南省科技计划项目(2008SK4012)
关键词
环境工程学
生物降解性
胺类捕收剂
评价
机理
environmental engineering
biodegradability
amine collectors
evaluation
mechanism
