摘要
【目的】以黄淮麦区小麦新品系为材料,通过对其籽粒硬度相关基因的鉴定,明确黄淮麦区小麦新品系的籽粒硬度基因型分布规律,为小麦品质改良提供优异基因资源。【方法】利用单籽粒谷物特性测定仪(SKCS)、PCR扩增、酶切以及DNA测序技术,对来自黄淮麦区109份小麦新品系的籽粒硬度表型、puroindo1ine基因型及其puroindo1ine b-2的不同等位变异类型进行了鉴定与分析。【结果】黄淮麦区材料中硬质麦比例较高,为61.5%。混合型和软质麦比例较低,分别为15.6%和22.9%,硬度指数范围较宽,为3.2—82.6。在硬质麦的puroindo1ine基因型检测中,发现有Pinb-D1b、Pinb-D1p和Pina-D1b共3种类型,其中,Pinb-D1b所占比例最高,为86.5%,Pinb-D1p和Pina-D1b分别为7.5%和6.0%。通过对puroindo1ine b-2变异检测,发现在调查的所有小麦材料中,D和A基因组上均含有Pinb-D2v1和Pinb-A2v4,其中,86份小麦品种(系)B基因组上的基因型为Pinb-B2v3,剩余的23份材料为Pinb-B2v2。通过对位于普通小麦B基因组puroindo1ine b-B2的2个基因型进行产量相关性状的分析,发现Pinb-B2v3变异的小麦品种(系)在穗粒数、单穗粒重、旗叶长和旗叶面积上均显著高于Pinb-B2v2变异类型的小麦品种(系),同时Pinb-B2v3变异类型小麦的千粒重、小穗数、粒长、粒宽和旗叶宽等性状也略高于Pinb-B2v2变异类型的小麦。【结论】在黄淮麦区109份小麦新品系中,硬质麦比例较高,混合型和软质麦比例较低。硬质麦中,Pinb-D1b是最为常见的类型。在puroindo1ine b-2基因位点上,Pinb-B2v3变异类型小麦的产量相关性状略优于Pinb-B2v2变异类型小麦。
[ Objective] Identification of hardness-related genes in wheat new lines or cultivars developed very recently in Huang-Huai Wheat Region of China could illustrate the distribution of hardness-related genes and provide important gene germplasm for improvement of wheat quality. [Method] A total of 109 wheat cultivars or advanced lines widely grown in Huang-huai wheat region were used to identify the phenotype of grain texture and genOtype ofpuroindoline and puroindoline b-2 genes by the technologies of Single Kernel Characterization System （SKCS）, PCR amplification with specific primers, restriction enzyme and DNA sequencing. [Result] The results showed that hard wheat with percentage of 61.5% was predominant while percentages of the mixed and soft wheats were only 15.6% and 22.9%, respectively, in wheat new lines surveyed. Based on SKCS results, grain hardness index of wheat surveyed ranged widely from 3.2 to 82.6. Three puroindoline alleles of Pinb-Dlb, Pinb-Dlp and Pina-Dlb were detected in hard wheat surveyed. Of them, Pinb-Dlb is the most prevalent with percentage of 86.5 %, while Pinb-Dlp and Pina-Dlb were only 7.5% and 6.0%, respectively. Furthermore, based on identification of puroindoline b-2 gene with gene-specific primers, all surveyed bread wheat genomes D and A contained Pinb-D2vl and Pinb-A2v4 variants, respectively. However, Pinb-B2v3 variant was only identified in the group B of 86 wheat cuJtJvars or lines surveyed, and Pinb-B2v2 variant was found in the group B of remaining 23 cultivars or lines. The results of analysis of yield characters between Pinb-B2v2 and Pinb-B2v3 variants indicated that the averages of grain number, single grain weight, flag leaf length and flag leaf area of genotypes with Pinb-B2v3 variant were significantly higher than those of genotypes with Pinb-B2v2 variant. [Conclusion] Hard wheat was predominant in the wheat germplasms surveyed and Pinb-Dlb was the most popular in hard wheat lines. In addition, the wheat with Pinb-B2v3 possessed relatively superior yield character to wheat with Pinb-B2v2.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第16期3289-3296,共8页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金(31000708)
农业部"948"项目(2010-Z21)
教育部博士学科点专项基金(新教师类)项目(20104105120003)
