摘要
汉赋用《诗》以词章解读经义,内涵修辞、讽喻、引述、经传四方面,彰显了"一代文学"之"赋"的时代特征与用《诗》的文学传统。汉赋用《诗》"以文引言",通过"直引"、"论诗"、"乐歌"、"取义"、"取辞"诸方法,表现出修辞艺术由言词向文本转化的趋势;汉赋于《诗》兼取"三诗",而以《风》、《雅》为主,体现其偏重"言情"、"陈义"而略于"述德"的讽喻功能;汉赋引《诗》由"断章取义"到"取辞见义"的转变、对文学意境空间的重构,也使"文章"的意义得以增强;汉赋用《诗》有着以"传"解"经"的意义,内涵"赋"词与《诗》义的互文性,决定了汉赋对《诗》的摹写特征。汉赋首次以文学文本形式用《诗》,其引诗、解诗、化诗的文学化表现,以及常见的"公式套语"与"举一例百"之法,既隐含了赋体中"经义"与"词章"的矛盾,又为《诗》进入后世文学创作领域奠定了基础。
The Han fu(prose-poem or rhapsody) interprets the meaning of the classical Book of Songs using ornate diction that involves rhetoric,allegory,citation and transmission of the classic.As the dominant literary genre of the Han dynasty,it displays both the characteristics of its era and the literary tradition underlying its utilization of the Book of Songs.Direct quotation,commentary and selective citation of the sense or the words of the Book of Songs can be observed in this utilization,displaying a transition from oral to written rhetoric.The feng(ballad) ,ya(court hymn) and song(sacrificial song) are all visible in the Han fu,with the first two being found most frequently.This shows that in terms of its allegorical function,the Han fu attached greater importance to conveying emotions and justifying arguments rather than to moral teaching.The evolution of the Han fu from disjointed to well-chosen quotations and its reconstruction of a space for literary meaning enhances its literary significance.Its commentaries on the Book of Songs and the intertextuality of the fu and the Book of Songs determined its imitative character.The Han fu was the first to use the Book of Songs in literary texts.Its literary expressions—the citation,interpretation and transformation of texts from the Book of Songs—and its common use of formulaic expressions and allusions represent a conflict between 'meaning' and 'rhetoric,' but at the same time paved the way for the appearance of the Book of Songs in literary works of later generations.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第4期190-204,224,共15页
Social Sciences in China
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“中国辞赋理论通史”(09BZW073)的阶段性成果
