摘要
为了探讨环境低浓度石棉接触对居民恶性肿瘤尤其是肺癌和间皮瘤发生的关系，对大姚县部分青石棉污染区３０ 岁以上的农村居民进行了１０ 年回顾性队列调查（１９８７ 年１ 月１ 日１９９６ 年１２ 月３１ 日）。队列人数为３ ３６３ 人，其中男１ ５０３ 人，女１ ８６０ 人。对照选用无青石棉污染的该县龙街乡农民和远离该县２３０ 多公里的禄丰县金山镇农村居民共７ ６３９ 人（男３ ５５０ ，女４ ０８９），观察期９ 年（１９８７ 年１ 月１ 日１９９５ 年１２ 月３１ 日） 。结果发现观察组全肿瘤死亡率为１２５－６４／１０ 万人年，肺癌死亡率为２５－１３／１０ 万人年，相对危险度（ ＲＲ） 分别为１－４０、３－２６ ，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜ ０－０５） 。值得注意的是观察组中有８ 例死于间皮瘤（男５，女３），平均死亡年龄６３ 岁，死亡率为２５－１３／１０ 万人年，ＲＲ＞ １６－３２，差异有极显著性（ Ｐ＜ ０－０１）。提示非职业环境接触青石棉可能会引起恶性肿瘤，尤其是肺癌。
To explore the effects of low level exposure to asbestos on the incidence of malignant tumors,especially the relationship between asbestos contamination and the incidences of lung cancer and mesothelioma,a ten year retrospective cohort study was carried out.3 363 (male 1 503,female 1 860)peasents over 30 years old in Dayao county polluted by crocidolite were selected as observed group and investigated from Jan l,1987 to Dec 31,1996.7 639 (male 3 550,female 4 089) peasants in Longjie township of Dayao county and Jinshan township of Lufeng county,which was more than 230 kilometres away from Dayao county,without crocidolite contamination were selected as control group and investigated from Jan l,1987 to Dec 31,1995.The results showed that the mortality rate was 125 64/10 5 person years for all tumors,and 25 13/10 5 person years for lung cancer in the observed group.The relative risk( RR ) value was 1.40 for all tumor,and 3.26 for lung cancer,both of them presented statistical significance( P<0 05 ) It is noticed that there were 8 cases (meale 5,female 3) of mesotheliona in observed group,the average death age was 63 years old,and the death rate of mesothelioma was 25 13/10 5 person years, RR >16 32,which presented statistically significance ( P<0.01). It indicated that non occupational exposure to crocidolite in the environment might result in the significant increase of the mortality rates for malignant tumors,especially for lung cancer and mesothelioma.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第6期319-321,共3页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
卫生部科研基金
关键词
肿瘤
死亡率
队列研究
肺癌
石棉
污染
Neoplasms Mortality Cohort studies Lung cancer Mesothelioma Crocidolite
