摘要
目的了解海南地区儿童哮喘常见吸入性变应原,探讨有效实施变应原避免的措施,为成功开展特异性免疫治疗提供依据。方法对2 361例哮喘儿童进行13种常见过敏原皮肤点刺试验,对其中450例患儿进行10种过敏原体外特异性IgE检测。结果 2 361例哮喘患儿皮肤点刺阳性率为86.0%,其中,屋尘螨及粉尘螨阳性率分别为91.2%及89.3%,热带螨为86.3%,且阳性级别高。对三种螨呈三级以上皮肤点刺阳性反应的患者分别占65.7%、65.4%和58.2%。动物皮毛中,狗毛阳性率为22.4%,猫毛14.4%;德国小蠊及美洲大蠊分别为28.7%及21.9%,但其阳性级别通常很低。450例体外过敏原检测阳性率为72.4%,其中仍以螨虫阳性率最高,屋尘螨66.2%,粉尘螨59.6%。结论屋尘螨、粉尘螨和热带螨是海南地区最重要的过敏原,其阳性率和阳性级别均比国内其他地区高。狗毛、猫毛、蟑螂等过敏原在海南也占一定比例。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of common inhaled allergens in asthmatic children in Hainan for exploring an effective management of allergen avoidance and providing a basis in the promotion of specific inununotherapy. Methods The skin prick test （SPT） with a panel of 13 allergen extracts was undertaken in 2 361 Children with asthma, and 450 cases of them further received specific IgE test against 10 allergens. Results The results of the SPT showed that 86% of the patients were sensitized to at least one allergen extract, and consisting of 91.2% for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus （ Der p ）, 89.3% for Dermatophagoides farinae （ Der f） and 86.3% for Blomia tropicalis （Blo t）, respectively. The percentage of strong SPT positive cases （〉 3 class） against three kinds of mites was 65.7% for Der p, 65.4% for Derf and 58.2% for Blo t, respectively. Furthermore, the SPT positive rates for animal dander in children with asthma were 22.4% for dog dander, 14.4% for cat dander, 28.7% for German cockroach, and 21.9% for America cockroach, respectively. However, the positive levels to these allergens were generally low. The positive rate of the specific IgE test in 450 children with asthma was 72.4%, and consisting of 66.2% for Der p and 59.6% for Derf. Conclusions There is a very high prevalence of the sensitization against Der p, Derf, and Blo t, and the sensitization against animal dander including dog, cat and cockroach is also found in a certain proportion in Hainan, that will be significant to avoid allergens and to promote the specific immunotherapy in asthmatic children inHainan.
出处
《临床儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期552-555,共4页
Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
基金
海南省自然科学基金资助项目(No.808206)
