1Mansfield P F,Hohn D C,Fornage B D,et al.Complications and failures of subclavian vein catheterization[J].N Engl J Med,1994,331(26):1735-1738.
2Yeow K M,Kaufman J A,Rieumont M J,et al.Axillary vein puncture over the second rib[J].Am J Roentgenol,1998,170(4):924-926.
3Stone M B.Identification and correction of guide wire malposition during internal jugular cannulation with ultrasound[J].Can J Emerg Med,2007,9(2):131-132.
4Karakitsos D,Labropoulos N,Groot E D,et al.Real-time ultrasound-guided catheterisation of the internal jugular vein:a prospective comparison with the landmark technique in critical care patients[J].Critical Care,2006,10:332-335.
5Turker G,Kaya F N,Gurbet A,et al.Internal jugular vein cannulation:an ultrasound-guided technique versus a landmark-guided technique[J].Clinics(Sao Paulo),2009,64(10):989-992.
3Nilsson O G, Lindgren A, Brandt L, et al. Study on Central Venous Catheter [ J ]. Neurosurg ,2007,97 ( 11 ) :531-536.
4Yair M D,Gilad. Central Venous Catheter Clinical Use [ J ]. Stroke ,2010,26 (7) :2249-2253.
5Dolu H, Goksu S, Sahin L, et al. Comparison of an ultra- sound-guided technique versus a landmark-guided technique for internal jugular vein cannulation[J]. J Clin Monit Comput, 2014.
6Beddy P, Geoghegan T, Ramesh N, etal. Valsalva and gravi- tational variability o{ the internal jugular vein and common femoral vein., ultrasound assessment[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2006, 58(2) : 307-309.
7Eksioglu A S, Tasci Y Y, Senel S. Normal sizes of internal jugular veins in children/adolescents aged birth to 18 years at rest and during the Valsalva maneuver[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2014,83(4) : 673-679.
