摘要
【目的】通过ISSR标记技术,对新疆核桃种质资源的遗传多样性及遗传结构进行分析,为该资源的保护与利用提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】采用ISSR标记对5个居群和1个栽培类型共163份样品进行遗传多样性分析。【结果】用13条引物对163份样品进行扩增,共检测扩增位点117个,其中多态性位点98个。在物种水平上,多态性位点百分率(PPL)为83.76%,Nei’s基因多样性(H)为0.3010,Shannon信息指数(I)为0.4182;在居群水平上,多态性位点百分率平均为68.36%,Nei’s基因多样性(H)平均为0.1265,Shannon信息指数(I)平均为0.1651。基于Nei’s遗传多样性分析得出的居群间遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.6425,表明有64.25%的遗传变异存在于居群间。居群间的遗传一致度平均为0.7499,估测的居群间基因流(Nm)为0.2782,表明核桃采集的6个居群或类型之间存在较小的基因流。AMOVA方差分析也表明居群间的核桃遗传变异大于居群内。Mantel检测与UPGMA聚类均表明居群间的遗传距离与居群的地理距离之间具有较高的相关性。【结论】新疆核桃遗传多样性水平较高,居群之间遗传分化大,种质资源保护和利用策略首选就地保护;在就地保护过程中,通过监测遗传多样性水平可评价其保护的有效性。
【Objective】 ISSR markers were used to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure in order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for appropriate conservation and application of existing genetic resources of walnut.【Method】 Genetic relationship of 5 populations and 1 type（163 walnut samples） walnut was analyzed using ISSR markers.【Result】 117 bands were amplified by 13 informative and reliable primers,of which 98 were polymorphic loci.At species level,the percentage of polymorphic loci（PPL） was 83.76%,Nei＇s gene diversity（H） was equaled to 0.3010,Shannon＇s Information index（I） was 0.4182.At population level,the average value of PPL was 68.36%,the mean value of H amounted to 0.1265,the general average of I was 0.1651.Genetic coefficient of differentiation（Gst） among populations based Nei＇s gene diversity was equaled to 0.6425,which showed 64.25% genetic variation existed among populations.The mean value of Nei＇s genetic identity was equaled to 0.7499,estimation of gene flow from Gst（Nm） was 0.2782,which was able to be considered that gene flow was blocked among 6 populations and types,this result was uniform with that obtained by using Nei＇s gene diversity.Analysis of AMOVA also showed genetic variance among populations was larger than within a population.Mantel test and UPGMA dendrogram based Nei＇s genetic distance showed that genetic distance among populations had more significant correlation with geographic distance.【Conclusion】The walnut germplasms in Xinjiang have a high level of genetic diversity,and the genetic differentiation is also larger.Germplasm protection and exploitation strategies of Amygdalus ledebouriana Schlecht should be prior to conduct in situ conservation,and by monitoring the level of genetic diversity to evaluate the effectiveness of its protection.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第9期1871-1879,共9页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD36B01-3)
新疆自治区重大科技专项(200731136)
新疆自治区果树学重点学科基金项目
关键词
核桃
种质资源
遗传多样性
ISSR
Juglans regia L
germplasms resources
genetic diversity
ISSR
