摘要
径流小区是研究降雨—地表径流—土壤侵蚀规律的主要科研设施和方法。传统的径流小区使用混凝土建成,由边界墙、集流槽、集流桶组成。在建设过程中需要开挖边界墙基础槽,造成自然坡面的破坏或扰动,短时期内不能恢复到原始状态,影响观测的精度,研究和监测的工作效率低下,同时工程造价高,研究的成本很高,很难实现特殊研究或监测的需要。所谓多点岀流PVC(聚氯乙烯)材料径流小区,就是用PVC(聚氯乙烯)材料代替混凝土建筑小区边界和集流槽,降低建设成本,减少建设过程中对原始坡面的扰动,从而实现径流小区的即建即用,提高工作效率;由原来的集流槽单点出流,改进为多点岀流,在集流槽上多放置几个出流口,尽量多地消除集流槽汇流时间长导致的对小区实际出流时间的影响,提高径流小区出流过程的观测精度。
Runoff plot is the major research facility and method in rainfall—runoff—soil erosion research.Traditional runoff plot is comprised of boundary walls,runoff gathering pit and collecting tanks,usually building with concrete.However,the traditional runoff plot has some disadvantages in its construction.It needs to dredge up the basis of boundary walls,which could result in the destruction or disturbance of nature slopes,and the original states is difficult to restore in short time.It affects the accuracy of observation and decreases the efficiency of research and observation.Meanwhile,it needs more time and higher construction cost.In addition,the traditional runoff plot is difficult to achieve specific needs for research or observation.The multi-outflow PVC material runoff plot uses PVC material to make boundary walls and runoff gathering pit instead of concrete.This new multi-outflow PVC material runoff plot has lower construction cost,and could reduce the disturbance on original slope in construction process,which could lead to the plot be used as soon as possible when it was accomplished.Changing the single outflow of traditional runoff plot to multi-outflow is another improvement of multi-outflow PVC material runoff plot.This improvement will increase the number of runoff outflows to eliminate convergence time of rainfall water which has significant effect on actual outflow time.Obviously,this method could improve the observation precision of runoff process.
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
2011年第2期28-31,共4页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
全国水土流失动态监测与公告项目
关键词
径流小区
多点出流
建设方法
runoff plot
multi-outflow
construction method
